animal kingdom Flashcards
How are the cells in cellular level of organisation?
They are arranged in loose aggregates.
What is incomplete digestive system?
When an organism has only one opening that serves as both the mouth and the anus, it is known to have an incomplete digestive system. For example: platyhelminthes.
Explain the open type of circulatory system.
In open type of circulation, cells and tissues are directly bathed in blood. For example: Porifera.
What is the closed type of circulation?
In the closed type of circulation, blood is circulated through a series of vessels of varying diameter. For example: Chordates.
What is radial symmetry?
When any plane passing through thr central axis divides the organism into two equal halves, the organism is known to have radial symmetry. For example: Ctenophora.
Explain bilateral symmetry.
Organism can be divided into teo equal halves in one plane. For example: Annelids.
What is diploblastic?
When cells are arranged into endoderm (inside) and ectoderm (outside), the middle layer is undifferentiated and is called mesoglea. For example: Cnidaria.
Explain Triploblastic.
Middle layer between ectoderm and endoderm is germinal and is called mesoderm. For example: Platyhelminthes.
Explain how organism are segregated in terms of coelom.
Coelom is the cavity between the body wall and gut wall. Organism are differentiated into acoelomate (no cavity), psuedocoelomate (aschelminthes), coelomate.
What are a pattern with series of segmentation called?
The pattern is called metameric segmentation while the phenomenon is called metamerism.
What is a notochord?
It is a mesodermally derived rod-like structure present on the dorsal side of the organism.
Explain how water travels through Porifera.
It enters through ostia, passes through the cavity called spongocoel, and goes out through osculum.
What lines the collar cells of spongocoel?
Choanocytes.
How is the body of Porifera supported?
Using spicules or spongin fibres.
How are the sexes in Porifera?
They are hermaphrodite.
How is digestion in Porifera?
Intracellular.
How is reproduction in Porifera?
Sexually through gametes, asexually through fragmentation. Fertilization is internal and development is indirect.
Give some examples of Porifera.
Sycon, Spongilla, Euspongia.
What is a structural characteristic of Coelenterata?
Presence of Cnidoblasts (stinging capsules)
What is s hypostome?
Mouth of Coelenterata.
What is the exoskeleton of Coelenterata composed of?
Calcium carbonate.
Explain the special characteristic feature of Coelenterata shown during reproduction.
It shows Metagenesis. Polyps produce Medusa asexually while Medusa produces Polyps sexually.
Give some examples of Coelenterata.
Adamsia, Aurelia.
What are Ctenophora commonly known as?
Comb jellies and sea walnuts.
