Animal Health Flashcards
Lower Production Levels
Morbidity (sick)
Higher production cost
Mortality (dead)
Any deviation from normal health in which there are marked physiological, anatomical, or chemical changes in the body.
Disease
What are the types of diseases
Infectious diseases and contagious infectious diseases, Noninfectious diseases
Caused by microorganism (bacteria, virus, protozoa)
Infectious Disease
Caused by microorganisms and spread rapidly from one individual to another
Contagious infectious disease
Disease which result from injury, genetic abnormalities, ingestion of toxic material, or poor nutrition. MICROORGANISMS ARE NOT INVOLVED
Noninfectious disease
Veterinarian assisted planning, sanitation, proper nutrition, source of livestock, proper use of biological and pharmaceuticals, and minimizing stress
Components of a heard health program
Most veterinarians are familiar with the disease and health problems in the producers area. Can be useful in putting together a health management plan. In most cases its more economical to help design a plan vs having to treat animals later
Veterinarian Assisted planning
What can proper sanitation practices do?
Reduce exposure to pathogens
Class of substances that are usually applied to animal tissue to kill or prevent the growth of microorganism.
Antiseptics
Class of substances that are usually applied to non-animal tissue to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms.
Disinfectants
What do undernourished animals usually have?
Weak immune system
What is important in times of unusual stress?
Nutrition
Used primarily in the prevention of disease
Biologicals
Process by which particles foreign to the body are identified and subsequently destroyed
Immunity
What are the two types of immunity?
Active immunity and Passive immunity
Stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies
Antigens
Protein molecules that circulate in the blood system and neutralizes disease causing organisms
Antibodies
What contain antigens
Vaccines
What are the three types of vaccines
Killed Vaccines, Modified live vaccines, ad Attenuated (chemically altered) vaccinces
Dead Microorganism of their parts are used to stimulate the immune system
Killed vaccine
Rarely cause abortions, have a stable shelf life, microbes can’t reproduce so they can’t cause the disease
Advantages of killed vaccines
Cost (compared to MLV), slower and shorter immune response, require a booster
Disadvantages of killed vaccines
Contains a modified form of the microorganism that allows for reproduction without fully initiated the disease
Modified live vaccine
Cost less than killed vaccines, produce quicker and longer immune response, few require a booster
Advantages of Modified live vaccine
Once rehydrated the vaccine is sensitive to temperature changes, exposure to sunlight, disinfectants, may cause abortions, animals with weak immune systems may become sick.
Disadvantages of Modified live vaccine
Are affective when administered directly to the mucosal membrane (nasally)
Attenuated vaccines
Don’t cause animals to get sick and stimulate immune system faster and longer
Advantages of attenuated vaccines
