Animal Health Flashcards
What is the difference between mortality and morbidity
Mortality means death and morbidity means sickness
What is the difference between disease and a vector
Disease is any deviation from normal health
Vector is anything that transfers a disease
What is the difference between infectious and contagious
Infectious is the ability to transmitted by disease
Contagious is the disease can be readily transmitted from one animal to another
Endotoxin definition
Cellular components that are released to cause damage to the host only when the bacterial cells lyse or degenerate
Exotoxin definition
Toxin produced by an organism other than the host animal
What’s an example of an exotoxin
Organisms of the intestinal tract
Protozoa
Reproduces by fission, many cause animal disease
Rickettsiae
Properties similar to viruses but are large in size and rarely affect livestock
True or False: rickettsiae can affect a cow
False
Mycoplasms
Smaller than rickettsiae but larger than viruses
What do mycoplasms cause in animals
Respiratory problems
True or false: more animals in smaller areas need better sanitation
True
SPF
Specific pathogen free
What animal is SPF related to
Swine
Look at slide 6
What are maternal antibodies found in
Colostrum
Why does an animal get sick?
When challenge beats resistance
What is a necropsy
Autopsy on an animal. Used if random death occurs
Antiseptics definition
Substances applied to tissue that kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms
Disinfectants definition
Products used to kill pathogenic microorganisms
Used on innate objects
What does good nutrition mean
Good health
True or False: being malnourished leads to a high likelihood of being sick
True
What does good records mean
Good health
What does too healthy lead to
Being too naive
What do California bands do
Strangulates tails and testicles which restricts blood flow and leads it to sluffing off
Biologicals definition
Prevent disease
Pharmaceuticals definition
Treat disease
Slide 19
What kind of injections are preferred
Subcutaneous- under the skin
What does a good stockman have
An eye
A mind
An action attitude
What is argued to be the main predator other than a coyote
Domesticated dogs
Are chickens an outlier in temperature
Yes, with 107
What are options for disease challenge
Ignore
Minimize
Employ biologicals
What are herd health goals
Prevent exposure to disease
Keep disease resistance high
If disease occurs, prevent its spread
What does a good vaccine do
Increase collective herd immunity
What are killed vaccines
Response is not as strong and shorter lived, but it’s cheaper
What are modified live vaccines
More restrictive and more effective
What vaccines need to be done near open wounds
Clostridial vaccines and tetanus
True or False: vaccines should be administered to newborns
False: their immune systems are weak
Where should vaccines be applied to
The neck area
What are the 3 steps of sanitation
Top wash
Cleaning phase
Sanitize
What methods are preferred when administering biological or pharmaceuticals
Topically
Orally
What are toxoids
Vaccines prepared by the actual toxins produced by the bacterial organisms
What diseases are toxoids primarily applied to
Clostridial
