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Animal Handling 1 > Animal Handling 1 Midterm > Flashcards

Animal Handling 1 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Study of behaviour

A

Ethology

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2
Q

1 reason why dogs are surrendered to a shelter

A

Aggression

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3
Q

1 reason why cats are surrendered to a shelter

A

Inappropriate urination

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4
Q

Process of modifying an animal’s environment to stimulate their ​brain by increasing the level of physical activity and social stimulation

A

Environmental enrichment

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5
Q

2 types of behaviour

A

Innate and learned

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6
Q

The attribution of human characteristics to non-human animals or objects

A

Anthropomorphism

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7
Q

When does the first socialization period in puppies and kittens begin?

A

When eyes and ears open - 2 weeks of age

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8
Q

4 types of operant conditioning

A
  1. Positive reinforcement
  2. Negative reinforcement
  3. Positive punishment
  4. Negative punishment
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9
Q

2 fear periods in puppies occur when?

A
  1. 8-11 weeks
  2. 6-14 months
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10
Q

Cats experience human avoidance at what age

A

8-10 weeks

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11
Q

Process that uses gradually increased planned exposures to help remove a fear response

A

Desensitization​

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12
Q

Replaces an existing conditioned response​

A

Counterconditioning

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13
Q

What is one of the most important things to teach puppies after adopting?

A

Housetraining

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14
Q

What are reasons why owners are not successful at housetraining puppies?

A
  1. Not consistent
  2. Stop training too early
  3. Not recognizing signs that they need to eliminate
  4. Rewarding when they come back to the door, not as soon as they eliminate in desired area
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15
Q

4 types of communication in dogs and cats

A
  1. Vocal
  2. Tactile (Touch)
  3. Olfactory
  4. Visual
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16
Q

What does FAS mean?

A

Fear, anxiety and stress

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17
Q

These tend to lower the probability that another dog will act​ aggressively toward the dog doing the signaling​

A

Calming signals

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18
Q

4 F’s of FAS and examples of each are:

A
  1. Fight - lunging, growling
  2. Flight - chewing, digging
  3. Freeze
  4. Fidget - circling in run
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19
Q

Aggressive behaviour is usually due to

A
  1. Fear
  2. Anxiety
  3. Stress
  4. Pain
  5. Illness
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20
Q

What is Touch Gradient?

A
  1. Maintaining hands-on contact with the patient throughout the exam or procedure
  2. Getting the patient used to increasing levels of touch intensity ​while continually observing the patient’s acceptance and comfort​
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21
Q

What is the definition of prey drive?

A

Ability and desire to hunt, present in both dogs and cats

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22
Q

5 behaviours of prey drive

A
  1. Searching​
  2. Stalking​
  3. Chasing​
  4. Biting to grab​
  5. Biting to kill​
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23
Q

What does prey drive stem from from?

A

Instinct

24
Q

What does aggression mainly stem from?

A

Fear

25
Q

True or false: Wolf pack behaviour in the wild is comparable to domesticated dog behaviour

A

False

26
Q

True or false: Cats have a pack mentality similar to dogs

A

False

27
Q

What kind of training can affect the human-animal bond in a negative way?

A

Aversive

28
Q

What is the definition of aggression?

A

Any threat or harmful behaviour directed towards another individual or group

29
Q

True or false: Animals that have behavioural changes should come in for an exam to rule out any medical issues.

A

True

30
Q

The number of events that have to happen to traumatize a puppy or kitten for life

A

1

31
Q

Types of enrichment include

A
  1. Food based
  2. Sensory
  3. Social
  4. Cognitive (New objects)
  5. Positive training
32
Q

2 responses caused by FAS

A
  1. Immediate response - caused by sympathetic nervous system
  2. Delayed response - increased cortisol levels which interferes with healing
33
Q

What does CER stand for?

A

Conditioned emotional response

34
Q

What can change a negative CER into a positive CER?

A

Food

35
Q

What can alert patients to danger, prey or treats?

A

Scent - important to use enzymatic cleaners and have treats in your pocket

36
Q

Too much of what can cause FAS?

A

Visual stimulation

37
Q

What are some things that clients can do with their cat carrier to make it more welcoming and decrease FAS?

A
  1. Train kittens to sleep in crates
  2. Leave kennel out at all times
  3. Take top off and place on elevated surfaces for a resting place
  4. Use pheromones
  5. Don’t pull cat out of hiding place to put in carrier
  6. Feed around carrier
38
Q

What are some recommendations to give owners for transporting cats in the vehicle?

A
  1. Place kennel on floor behind passenger seat
  2. Bring individual carriers for each cat
  3. Don’t hold the carrier by handle, carry in arms
  4. Cover carrier with towel
  5. PVPs if needed
39
Q

What are some Gentle Control tools?

A
  1. Calming music
  2. Body wraps “thunder shirts”
  3. Pheromones
  4. Medications
40
Q

3 steps of transporting an animal to the treatment area in a veterinary hospital are to:

A
  1. Plan the route
  2. Separate from owner - give treats when owner is leaving the exam room
  3. Move to other part of hospital
41
Q

What can be done to reduce FAS in the treatment area?

A
  1. Keep things quiet
  2. Put towels/covers in front of the cages
  3. Provide enrichment toys
  4. Give attention to patients besides treatments
  5. Separate areas for different species
42
Q

Why does prolonged hospitalization lead to chronic stress?

A
  1. Unfamiliar environment
  2. Prolonged exposure to stimuli
  3. Pathology can diminish patient’s ability to cope
  4. Different staff
43
Q

What are some recommendations to give owners for transporting dogs in the vehicle?

A
  1. Use a crate if they are used to it
  2. Calming music
  3. DAP sprays/collar
  4. Thunder shirt
  5. Don’t try anything new just before transporting, allow the dog to get used to things beforehand
  6. PVPs if needed
44
Q

True or false: We should do as much as possible in the exam room instead of taking the patient to the treatment area.

A

True

45
Q

What should we always do before moving a patient to the treatment area?

A

Go to treatment ourselves to
1. Notify other team members
2. Move other patients out of the way
3. Turn off noisy equipment if possible

46
Q

What are things that should be taken into consideration when it comes to location when examining cats?

A
  1. Reduce any perceived threats
  2. Provide warmth, comfort and security
  3. Minimize visual input
  4. Increase Gentle Control
  5. Hiding places
47
Q

What are things that should be taken into consideration when it comes to location when examining dogs?

A
  1. Non-slip mat on floor or table
  2. Outside if appropriate
  3. Gentle handling
  4. Know wants vs needs
48
Q

True or false: We should put aggressive cats in lower cages.

A

False

49
Q

How long should we allow dogs and cats to struggle during a procedure, and how many tries should we attempt before stopping?

A

Dogs - no longer than 3 seconds and 3 tries
Cats - no longer than 2 seconds and 2 tries

50
Q

What are some ways that FAS can be reduced in the exam room?

A
  1. Allow the animal to determine location and while being examined
  2. Let the pet sniff and look at the equipment before being such such as the otoscope and stethoscope
  3. Clean room well between patients with enzymatic cleaners
  4. Use pheromones
  5. Soothing music/white noise
  6. Provide hiding areas
  7. Ideally provide a window and perches for cats
  8. Ideally have a specific exam room just for cats
  9. Non-slip surfaces
  10. Minimize exit and entry of exam room - anticipate what procedures will be done and supplies needed
51
Q

True or false: Cats should have their own carrier instead of sharing one with another cat.

A

True

52
Q

What are recommendations to give owners when their pet returns home after being hospitalized (especially after surgery)?

A
  1. Separate from other pets in the home until fully recovered.
  2. Place into a quiet room, preferably with a pheromone diffuser
  3. Dogs should be “reintroduced” on a walk or neutral territory
  4. Remove high value treats
53
Q

What can you do to reduce FAS in the reception area/waiting room?

A
  1. Separate species
  2. Move clients and pets away from the desk
  3. Wait in the car until exam room is available
  4. Stagger appointment times
  5. Pheromones, soothing music
  6. Treats
  7. Non-slip surfaces
  8. Separate check in/check out areas or check out in exam room
54
Q

What is the #1 fear for animals and what can we do to prevent it?

A

Falling, providing non-slip surfaces

55
Q

What are 5 reasons why Fear Free handling is so important?

A
  1. Decrease FAS in patients
  2. Decrease stress in veterinary staff
  3. Increase number of patients and number of appointments
  4. Stress and distress diminish longevity
  5. Decrease in FAS can increase healing
56
Q

In Fear Free, Gentle Control means

A

How we comfortably and safely position the patient to allow us to administer veterinary care

57
Q

True or false - Sedation is safer than excessive restraint

A

True

Animal Handling 1 (2 decks)

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