Animal Evolution Flashcards
What Is Evolution?
The way in which living organisms change and develop over millions of years
What Is Natural Selection?
The way species adapt to their environments
What Are The 4 Principles Of Natural Selection?
Overproduction, Variation, Descent with modification and Adaptation
What Is Overproduction?
Too many offspring
What Is Variation?
Some animals have traits better suited to their environment
What Is Descent With Modification?
Anatomical traits and other features of populations change over time from generation to generation
What Is Adaptation?
Heritable trait that helps an organism
What Are Mutations?
An alteration in the genetic material of a cell or virus that is permanent
3 Categories Of Mutations?
Harmful, beneficial and neutral
What Is Mutation Caused By?
Radioactivity, Uv, X-rays or cell dividing and incorrectly coping dna
What Is Substitution Mutation?
When one base gets swapped for another base which leads to significant change in protein
What Are the Sub Mutations Of Substitution Mutation?
Silent Mutation, Missense Mutation and Nonsense Mutation
What Is Silent Mutation?
doesn’t cause change in protein
What is Missense Mutation?
swap leads to chemically different amino acids added to protein
What Is Nonsense Mutation?
swap that prematurely stop protein synthesis by creating a stop codon resulting in an incomplete protein
