Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis Flashcards
What are Hormones?
Chemicals released directly into the blood.
Where are Hormones carried?
In the blood to other parts of the body, but only affect particular cells in particular organs.
What do Hormones control?
Things in organs and cells that need constant adjustment.
Where are Hormones produced?
In various glands, called Endocrine glands.
What does the Pituitary gland do?
Produces many hormones that regulate body conditions. These hormones act on other glands, directing them to release hormones that bring about change.
What do Ovaries do?
Produce oestrogen, which is involved in the menstrual cycle.
What do Testes do?
Produce testosterone, which controls puberty and sperm production in males.
What does the Thyroid gland do?
Produce Thyroxine, which is involved in regulating things like the rate of metabolism, heart rate and temperature.
What does the Adrenal gland do?
Produce adrenaline, which is used to prepare the body for a ‘fight or flight’ response.
What does the pancreas do?
Produces insulin which is used to regulate the blood glucose level.
When the Blood glucose concentration is too high…
Insulin is added.
What are changes in the blood glucose monitored and controlled by?
The pancreas.
What does the insulin help glucose do?
Allows glucose to be absorbed by body cells.
What does insulin make the liver do to the glucose?
Turn it into glycogen.
What is Type 1 diabetes?
A condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin. The result is that a person’s blood glucose can rise to a level that can kill them.
What does a person with Type 1 diabetes need to be treated?
Insulin therapy, usually involves injecting insulin into the subcutaneous tissue, from where it will enter the bloodstream.
How can taking regular exercise help control Type 1 diabetes?
Helps to remove excess glucose from the blood.
Other than Insulin therapy and Regular exercises, what can a person with type 1 diabetes think about?
Limiting the intake of foods rich in simple carbohydrates.
What is Type 2 diabetes?
A condition where the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin or when a person becomes resistant to insulin. Blood glucose level rises.
What is the correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes?
Obese people have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
How can Type 2 diabetes be controlled?
By eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise and losing weight if needed.
