ANIMAL CELL AND TISSUE

Question 1

tissues that covers body surfaces and lines body cavities.

Answer 1

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

Question 2

Epithelia that form the interface between the internal and external environments. Skin as well as the lining of the mouth and nasal cavity.

Answer 2

ECTODERM

Question 3

Inner lining of the GI tract, lungs, urinary bladder, exocrine glands, vagina and more.

Answer 3

ENDODERM

Question 4

These are derived from mesoderm.

Answer 4

MESOTHELIA

Question 5

the outer covering of the lungs and the inner lining of the thoracic (chest) cavity.

Answer 5

PLEURA

Question 6

the outer covering of all the abdominal organs and the inner lining of the abdominal cavity.

Answer 6

PERITONEUM

Question 7

the outer lining of the heart.

Answer 7

PERICARDIUM

Question 8

These are derived from mesoderm. The inner lining of the heart, all blood and lymphatic vessels.

Answer 8

ENDOTHELIA

Question 9

___ of all epithelia is exposed to the internal environment - extracellular fluid (ECF).

Answer 9

THE BASOLATERAL SURFACE

Question 10

The entire sheet of epithelial cells is attached to a layer of extracellular matrix that is called the basement membrane or, better (because it is not a membrane in the biological sense)

Answer 10

BASAL LAMINA

Question 11

Type of epithelium tissue that is flattened cells that allows the movement of materials and nutrients through the cells, that is, passive diffusion.

Answer 11

SQUAMOS EPITHELIUM

Question 12

is cube-shaped cells located in the pancreas and kidney tubules, they help in absorption of nutrients as well as secretion of hormones, sweat, wax, digestive enzymes and even milk

Answer 12

CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

Question 12

is secretion and absorption of nutrients.

Answer 12

COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Question 13

serves many purposes in the body. The cells of connective tissue are embedded in a great amount of extracellular material. This matrix is secreted by the cells.

Answer 13

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Question 14

is the strongest connective tissue with little ground substance, hard matrix of calcium and phosphorous

Answer 14

BONE

Question 15

is often called fibrous connective tissue and include Tendons and Ligaments.

Answer 15

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Question 16

is found between many organs where it acts both to absorb shock and bind tissues together.

Answer 16

LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Question 17

Loose connective tissue that consists mostly of fat storage cells called adipocytes.

Answer 17

ADIPOSE TISSUE

Question 18

tissue shows little specialization. It contains all the cell types and fibers and is distributed in a random, web-like fashion. It fills the spaces between muscle fibers, surrounds blood and lymph vessels, and supports organs in the abdominal cavity.

Answer 18

AEORAL TISSUE

Question 19

is a mesh-like, supportive framework for soft organs such as lymphatic tissue, the spleen, and the liver. Reticular cells produce the reticular fibers that form the network onto which other cells attach.

Answer 19

RETICULAR TISSUE

Question 20

is a connective tissue of cells separated by a liquid (plasma) matrix. Two types of cells occur. Red blood cells (erythrocytes) carry oxygen. White blood cells (leukocytes) function in the immune system.

Answer 20

BLOOD

Question 21

facilitates movement of the animal by contraction of individual muscle cells (referred to as muscle fibers).

Answer 21

MUSCLE TISSUE

Question 22

(striated) muscle fibers have alternating bands perpendicular to the long axis of the cell. These cells function in conjunction with the skeletal system for voluntary muscle movements.

Answer 22

SKELETAL MUSCLE

Question 23

function in involuntary movements and/or autonomic responses (such as breathing, secretion, ejaculation, birth, and certain reflexes). These fibers are components of structures in the digestive system, reproductive tract, and blood vessels.

Answer 23

SMOOTH MUSCLE

Question 24

fibers are a type of striated muscle found only in the heart. The cell has a bifurcated (or forked) shape, usually with the nucleus near the center of the cell. The cells are usually connected to each other by intercalated disks. The functions of the cells within the heart occur as part of the autonomic nervous system. This system controls organs, like the heart, that work involuntarily, which means without active control from the brain.

Answer 24

CARDIAC MUSCLE

Question 25

are specialized for the conduction of nerve impulses

Answer 25

NEURONS

Question 25

is composed of nerve cells called neurons and glial cells.

Answer 25

NERVOUS TISSUE

Question 26

a typical neuron consists of a ___ which contains the nucleus

Answer 26

CELL BODY

Question 27

surround neurons. Once thought to be simply support for neurons (glia = glue), they turn out to serve several important functions.

Answer 27

GLIA

Question 28

These produce the myelin sheath that surrounds many axons in the peripheral nervous system.

Answer 28

SCHWANN CELLS

Question 29

These produce the myelin sheath that surrounds many axons in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

Answer 29

OLIGODENDROCYTES

Question 30

These, often star-shaped cells are clustered around synapses and the nodes of Ranvier

Answer 30

ASTROCYTES