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Science > Animal Cell > Flashcards

Animal Cell Flashcards

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1
Q

what are Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

It is a series of folded membranes within the cell that transports materials.

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2
Q

what are Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

A

It does not have ribosomes and helps in modifying proteins that are produced by the rough ER.

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3
Q

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

It is a series of folded membranes within the cell that transports materials.

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4
Q

Cell Membrane

A

This is the thin outer layer that separates the cell’s contents from its surroundings and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell. It is also known as the plasma membrane.

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5
Q

what are the Nucleus and
Nucleolus and what is the difference between them.

A

Nucleus: It also houses the nucleolus, which is responsible for ribosome synthesis. Membrane bound.

Nucleolus:
This contains the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins. It is not membrane bound

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6
Q

Lysosome

A

It is a vesicle containing digestive enzymes that break down unwanted cellular components and also destroy bacteria that invade the body. Only in the animal cell

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7
Q

Ribosome

A

They consists of RNA and proteins. They are responsible for protein synthesis, translating genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) to build proteins . Ribosomes can be found either floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

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8
Q

Vacuoles

A

These are membrane-bound sacs used for storing different materials within the cell.

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9
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Often referred to as the “powerhouses of the cell,” mitochondria generate the energy required for the cell’s survival and function. Through a series of chemical reactions, mitochondria break down glucose into an energy molecule known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used to fuel various other cellular processes.

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10
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

is a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids produced in the endoplasmic reticulum. It is essential for processing these molecules and directing them to their correct locations within or outside the cell.

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11
Q

Cytoplasm

A

A gel-like substance that fills the cell’s interior, helping to maintain its shape. Cytosol is the fluid part of cytoplasm.

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12
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Only in plant cells. chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, they synthesize glucose and other organic compounds using carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Chloroplasts are filled with chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs sunlight. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.

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13
Q

Cell Wall

A

It is the cell’s outer cover. It protects and gives shape to the cell. Only in plant cells

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14
Q

What does the animal cell contain?

A
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus and Nucleolus
  • Cytoplasm/cytosol
  • Mitochondria
  • Vacuole
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): both smooth and rough ER
  • Golgi body
  • Ribosomes
  • Lysosomes
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15
Q

What does the Plant cell contain

A
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus/ Nucleolus
  • Cytoplasm/cytosol
  • Chloroplasts
  • Mitochondria
  • Vacuole
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): both smooth and rough ER
  • Golgi body
  • Ribosomes
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16
Q

Three differences between Plant and Animal cells

A

Plant Cell : Has Chloroplasts and a cell wall, but Animal cells do not have these things

Animal Cell : has Lysosomes, while the Plant Cell does not have this.

17
Q

It is a series of folded membranes within the cell that transports materials.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

18
Q

It does not have ribosomes and helps in modifying proteins that are produced by the rough ER.

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

19
Q

It is a series of folded membranes within the cell that transports materials.

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.

20
Q

This is the thin outer layer that separates the cell’s contents from its surroundings and regulates the movement of materials in and out of the cell. It is also known as the plasma membrane.0

A

Cell Membrane

21
Q

It also houses the nucleolus, which is responsible for ribosome synthesis. Membrane bound.

A

Nucleus

22
Q

This contains the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins. It is not membrane bound

A

Nucleolus

23
Q

It is a vesicle containing digestive enzymes that break down unwanted cellular components and also destroy bacteria that invade the body. Only in the animal cell

A

Lysosome

24
Q

They consists of RNA and proteins. They are responsible for protein synthesis, translating genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) to build proteins . Ribosomes can be found either floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Ribosome

25
Q

These are membrane-bound sacs used for storing different materials within the cell.

A

Vacuoles

26
Q

Often referred to as the “powerhouses of the cell,” mitochondria generate the energy required for the cell’s survival and function. Through a series of chemical reactions, mitochondria break down glucose into an energy molecule known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used to fuel various other cellular processes.

A

Mitochondrion

27
Q

is a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids produced in the endoplasmic reticulum. It is essential for processing these molecules and directing them to their correct locations within or outside the cell.

A

Golgi apparatus

28
Q

A gel-like substance that fills the cell’s interior, helping to maintain its shape. Cytosol is the fluid part of cytoplasm.

A

Cytoplasm

29
Q

Only in plant cells. chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis, converting solar energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, they synthesize glucose and other organic compounds using carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Chloroplasts are filled with chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs sunlight. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.

A

Chloroplasts

30
Q

It is the cell’s outer cover. It protects and gives shape to the cell. Only in plant cells

A

Cell Wall

31
Q
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus/ Nucleolus
  • Cytoplasm/cytosol
  • Chloroplasts
  • Mitochondria
  • Vacuole
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): both smooth and rough ER
  • Golgi body
  • Ribosomes
A

Animal cell

32
Q

Cell wall
- Cell membrane
- Nucleus/ Nucleolus
- Cytoplasm/cytosol
- Chloroplasts
- Mitochondria
- Vacuole
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): both smooth and rough ER
- Golgi body
- Ribosomes

A

Plant cell

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