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Infectious Disease > Animal-Borne Diseases, Tick-Borne Diseases, Respiratory Diseases > Flashcards

Animal-Borne Diseases, Tick-Borne Diseases, Respiratory Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Animal-Borne

Leptospirosis (spirochete)

A

Exposure to animals: fever, abd pain, jaundice, aches
Dx: Serology
Tx: Cetriaxone or Penicillin

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2
Q

Animal-Borne

Tularemia

A

Contact w/rabbits: ulcer @ site, lymph nodes, conjunctivitis
Dx: Serology
Tx: Bentamicin or Streptomycin

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3
Q

Animal-Borne

Cysticercosis

A

Infected Ingested Pork; Mexico, S.America, India, E.europe
CT head: thin-walled cysts, calcified
Tx: Albendazole

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4
Q

Tick-Borne - Ixodes tick

Lyme (spirochete; borrelia burgdorferi)

A

Diagnosis: Serology (ELISA IgG, IgM, Western blot, PCR)
Rash, joint, Bell’s palsy: Oral doxycycline x 28 days
Rash joint, Bell’s palsy + <8yo/Pregnant: Amoxicillin 28 days
CNS or Cardiac involvement: IV Ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Tick-Borne - Ixodes tick

Babesiosis

A 
Hemolytic anemia (severe in asplenic patients) 
Dx: Peripheral smear (tetrads of intraerythrocitic ring forms)
Tx: Azithromycin and Atovaquone
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6
Q

Tick-Borne - Ixodes tick

Ehrlichia

A

Elevated AST/ALT, Thrombocytopenia, Leukopenia
Dx: Peripheral smear (morulae - WBC inclusion bodies)
Tx: Doxycycline

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7
Q

Tick-Borne

Malaria

A

Endemic area: Hemolysis + GI complaints; Dx: Blood smear
Acute TX: Quinine and Doxycycline
Prophylaxis: Mefloquine (weekly) s/e: brady, QTP or Atovaquone/Proguanil (Malarone; daily)

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8
Q

Respiratory

Nocardia -SNAP (sulfa nocardia actinomyces penicillin)

A

Immunocompromised + disseminated respiratory disease

Initial: CXR; accurate: culture; TX: TMP-SMX

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9
Q

Respiratory

Actinomyces (normal mouth flora) (SNAP)

A

Normal immune system w/h/o facial or dental trauma
Dx: Gram stain; Confirm with: Anaerobic culture
Tx: Penicillin

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10
Q

Respiratory

Histoplasmosis

A

Wet areas (MS, OH river valleys); bat droppings from caves
-Palate/oral ulcers + splenomegaly
-Disseminated: pancytopenia (anything TB can do)
Best initial: Histoplasmosis urine antigen
Accurate: Biopsy with culture (same as TB)
Acute pulmonary disease: no treatment
Disseminated disease: Amphotericin

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11
Q

Respiratory

Coccidioidomycosis

A

Arizona (dry): Respiratory+Joint pain+Erythema Nodosum

Tx: Itraconazole

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12
Q

Respiratory

Blastomycosis

A

Rural SE: Pulmonary + Broad budding yeast + bone lesions

Tx: Itraconazole or Amphotericin (antifungals)

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13
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome

A

Cause: S. aureus + exotoxin TSS1 production
Tx: IVF + Clindamycin

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14
Q

Rabies

A

Rabies immune globulin: passive immunization
Rabies vaccine: active immunization
Vaccinated re-exposed: Rabies vaccine/active
Unvaccinated eposes: Rabies IG and vaccine

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15
Q

Schistosomiasis

A

Rare in America; MC ID worldwide (Africa)
-Microhematuria + Anemia + Travel
Dx: Parasites in urine/stool - urine microscopy

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Infectious Disease (4 decks)

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