animal and plant cells

Question 1

what is the the structure of an animal cell?

Answer 1

nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
mitochondria
ribosomes

Question 2

what is the structure of a plant cell?

Answer 2

nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
mitochondria
cell wall
ribosomes
chloroplasts
vacuole

Question 3

what is the function of the nucleus ?

Answer 3

contains the genes on the chromosomes and controls all the activities of the cell

Question 4

what is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 4

liquid gel in which the chemical reactions take place

Question 5

what is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

controls passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell

Question 6

what is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 6

structures in the cytoplasm where aerobic respiration takes place

Question 7

what is the function of the ribosomes?

Answer 7

where protein is made

Question 8

how are plants different to animals?

Answer 8

plants make their own food by photosynthesis

Question 9

what is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 9

strengthens the cell and gives it support

Question 10

what is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 10

found in all green parts of a plant
contain green substance called chlorophyll
chlorophyll absorbs light so the plant can make food by photosynthesis

Question 11

what is there function of the vacuole?

Answer 11

filled with cell sap
keeps the cells rigid to support the plant

Question 12

what is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 12

have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material in a nucleus

Question 13

what is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 13

bacteria cells
have a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall
cell wall does not contain cellulose

Question 14

what is a nerve cell?

Answer 14

carry electrical impulses around the body of an animal

Question 15

what are the adaptations of a nerve cell?

Answer 15

lots of dendrites to make connections
axon carries the nerve impulse from one place to the other

Question 16

what is a muscle cell?

Answer 16

contract and relax in pairs to move the skeleton

Question 17

what are the adaptations of a muscle cell?

Answer 17

contain special proteins that slide over each other making fibres contract
contain many mitochondria to transfer the energy
store glycogen and used in cellular respiration

Question 18

what are sperm cells?

Answer 18

contain the genetic information from the male parent

Question 19

what are the adaptations of sperm cells?

Answer 19

long tail whips side to side to help it move through water or female system
middle section full of mitochondria which transfer energy for it to move
large nucleus contains genetic information to be passed on

Question 20

what are root hair cells?

Answer 20

close to tip of growing roots
relatively close to the xylem tissue

Question 21

how are root hair cells adapted?

Answer 21

increase ur surface area for water to move into the cell
have a large permanent vacuole that speed up the water by osmosis
have many mitochondria to transfer the energy needed for the active transport

Question 22

what are the adaptations of photosynthetic cells?

Answer 22

contain specialised green structures called chloroplasts containing chlorophyll
usually positioned in continuous layers in the leaves and outer layers of the stem of a plant so they absorb as much light as possible

Question 23

what are xylem cells?

Answer 23

carries water and mineral ions from the rope to the highest leaves and shoots

Question 24

how are xylem cells adapted?

Answer 24

spirals and rings of lignin in the xylem cells make them strong

Question 25

what are phloem cells?

Answer 25

specialised transport tissue that carries the food made by photosynthesis around the body of the plant