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BIOLOGY > ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS > Flashcards

ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS Flashcards

1
Q

CELL IS COMPOSED OF _____ ______ THAT CARRY SPECIFIC FUNCTION

A

DISTINCT ORGANELLE

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2
Q

COMPOSED LIVING SUBSTANCE OF A CELL

A

PROTOPLASM

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3
Q

DIVIDED 3 DISTINCT PARTS OF PROTOPLASM:

A

CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM, NUCLEUS

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4
Q

ALSO KNOWN AS PLASMA MEMBRANE OR PLASMALEMMA. MADE UP OF TWO LAYERS OF PHOSPOLIPIDS WITH PROTEINS AND CARBOHYDRATES. “CONTROLS THE MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL.
ALLOWS THE ENTRY OF SOME SUBSTANCES, LIKE WATER AND PREVENTS THE ENTRY OF OTHERS.

A

CELL MEMBRANE

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5
Q

ADDITIONAL BOUNDARY SORROUNDING THE CELLS OF PLANTS, FUNGI, BACTERIAS AND SOME PROTOZOANS.

A

CELL WALL

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6
Q

CELL ALL CONSISTS OF TOUGH SUBSTANCE MADE UP OF _______

A

CELLULOSE

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7
Q

SUPPORTS AND PROTECTS THE CELL FROM INJURY. GOOD SOURCE OF FIBER AND DIET.

A

CELLULOSE

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8
Q

FORMS THE LARGEST PART OF THE CELL. MADE UP OF FLUIDLIKE SUBSTANCES WHERE THE MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES ARE LOCATED. CONTENTS OF THE CELLS INSIDE THE CELL MEMBRANE.

A

CYTOPLASM

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9
Q

KNOWN AS THE CONTROL CENTER OF THE CELL. CIRCULAR, DARK STAINED ENCLOSED BY A NUCLEAR MEMBRANE. ITS IS PART OF A PROTOPLASM. CONTROLS ALL THE ACTIVITIES OF A CELL. CONTAINS DNA AND HEREDITARY MATERIALS.

A

NUCLEUS

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10
Q

NETWORK OF LONG THREADEDLIKE STRUCTURES

A

CHROMATIN

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11
Q

ARRANGED INTO A NETWORK OF LONG THREADLIKE STRUCTURES

A

DNA

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12
Q

DNA MEANING

A

DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID

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13
Q

WHEN CHROMATIN CONDENSES IT WILL BECOME _______

A

CHROMOSOME

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14
Q

TRANSMITTED FROM ONE GENERATION TO ANOTHER

A

HEREDITARY MATERIAL

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15
Q

RNA MEANING

A

RIBONUCLEIC ACID

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16
Q

NUCLEUS ALSO CONTAINS RNA AND ____

A

PROTEIN

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17
Q

DISTINCT STRUCTURE INSIDE THE NUCLEUS WHERE RIBOSMES ARE PRODUCED.

A

NUCLEOLUS

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18
Q

DOUBLE-MEMBRANED, SPHERICAL SAUSAGED-SHAPED ORGANELLES. INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY “POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL” PRODUCES ATP

A

MITOCHONDRIA

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19
Q

ATP MEANING

A

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPATE

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20
Q

ENERGY CURRENCY OF THE CELL

A

ATP “ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPATE”

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21
Q

CONTAINS MORE MITOCHONDRIA

A

MUSCLE CELLS

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22
Q

DOUBLE MEMBRANED ORGANELLES FOUND IN PLANT CELLS , SOME PROTOZOANS AND BACTERIA.

A

PLASTIDS

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23
Q

IT IS A TYPE OF PLASTIDS. ENERGY CAPTURING CENTER, AND CONTAINS CHLOROPHYLL

A

TYPE OF PLASTIDS:

CHLOROPLAST

24
Q

YELLOW AND ORANGE COLORS OF FLOWERS AND FRUITS

A

TYPE OF PLASTIDS:

CHROMOPLAST

25
Q

COLORLESS PLASTIDS

A

TYPE OF PLASTIDS:

LEUCOPLAST

26
Q

“PROTEIN FACTORY OF THE CELL”

SMALL GRANULAR STRUCTURES MADE UP OF RNA ANF PROTEINS, HELP PRODUCED PROTEINS

A

ORGANELLE:

RIBOSOMES

27
Q

MEMBRANOUS STRUCUTRE FORMING A NETWORK OF CANALS TROUGH WHICH PROTEINS AND OTHER MOLECULES ARE TRANSPORTED.

A

ORGANELLE:

ENDOPLASMIC REDICULUM

28
Q

ORGANELLE WERE MOST OF THE RIBOSOMES ARE ATTACHED.

A

2 TYPES OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM:

1. ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

29
Q

IT IS BRANCHING CANAL DEVOID OF RIBOSOMES AND IT TRANSPORTS LARGE MOLECULES LIKE LIPIDS/FATS.

A

2 TYPES OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM:

2. SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

30
Q

MODIFIES PROTEINS PRODUCED IN THE RIBOSOMES LIKE ADDITION OF CARBOHYDRATES TO PROTEINS TO FORM GLYCOPROTEINS. ALSO KNOW. PACKAGES AND SORTS CELL PRODUCT. ALSO KNOWN AS “PACKAGING CENTER OF THE CELL”

A

ORGANELLE:

GOLGI APPARATUS OR GOLGI COMPLEX

31
Q

ORGANELLES THAT CARRY MATERIALS INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL

A

VESICLES

32
Q

MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES THAT STORE FOOD, ENZYMES AND OTHER MATERIALS.

A

VACUOLES

33
Q

LARGE VACUOLES

A

CENTRAL VACUOLES

34
Q

CENTRAL VACUOLES CONTAINS ______

A

CELL SAP

35
Q

IN PROTISTS, VACUOLE IS CALLED ____, THAT COLLECTS EXCESS WATER FROM THE CELL.

A

CONTRACTILE VACUOLE

36
Q

PROTIST KNOWN AS

A

PARAMECIUM

37
Q

MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLE THAT CONTAIN DIFFERENT “HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES”. THEY MAY DESTROY INVADING VIRUSES AND BACTERIA.

A

ORGANELLE:

LYSOSOMES

38
Q

COLLECTIVELY HYDROLYTHIC ENZYMES

A

LYSOZYMES

39
Q

DIGESTS BACTERIA, VIRUSES, COMPLEX FOOD PARTICLES, AND DAMAGED CELL COMPONENTS THAT CAN BE HARMFUL TO THE CELL AND MAY INTERFER ITS NORMAL ACTIVITIES.

A

HYDROLYTHIC ENZYMES

40
Q

NETWORK OF THIN AND FIBROUS FILAMENTS THAT SERVE AS THE “BONES AND MUSCLE” OF CELLS

A

CYTOSKELETON

41
Q

RESPONSIBLE FOR GIVING THE CELL ITS SHAPE

A

MICROFILAMENTS

42
Q

SERVE AS THE ANCHOR OF ORGANELLES IN THE CELL

A

MICROTUBULES

43
Q

PLANT CELLS ARE CONNECTED AND COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER VIA ________

A

CELL SURFACES AND JUNCTIONS:

PLASMODESMATA

44
Q

CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE NEIGHBOURING CELLS OR THE CONTACT BETWEEN THE CELL AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX.

A

CELL JUNCTIONS

45
Q

CHANNELS BETWEEN ADJACENT “PLANT CELLS”

A

PLASMODESMATA

46
Q

ACTS AS A GLUE TO HOLD CELLS IN TISSUES

A

EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

47
Q

JOIN TWO CELLS TIGHTLY TOGETHER

A

3 TYPES OF JUNCTIONS:

TIGHT JUNCTIONS

48
Q

ACT LIKE RIVETS AD SCREWS TO FORM STRONG SHEETS

A

3 TYPES OF JUNCTIONS:

ANCHORING JNCTIONS

49
Q

CHANNELS BETWEEN ADJACENT ANIMAL CELLS

A

3 TYPES OF JUNCTIONS:

GAP JUNCTIONS

50
Q

LACK OF NUCLEUS, BUT POSSES NUCLEOID REGION WHERE DNA IS STORED. NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES. FOUND IN SIMPLE ORGANISMS LIKE BACTERIA, BLUE GREEN ALGAE, AND ARCHEANS.

A

2 BASIC CELL TYPE:

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

51
Q

WHERE DNA IS RESTORED

A

NUCLEOID REGION

52
Q

PRESENT IN HIGHER FORMS OF ORGANISMS LIKE PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, AND PROTISTS. ORGANELLES ARE ARRANGED IN COMPARTMENTS SURROUNDED BY MEMBRANES.

A

2 BASIC CELL TYPE:

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

53
Q

DNA IS ENCASED IN _______

A

DISTINCT NUCLEUS

54
Q

ORGANELLE THAT IS THE POWERHOUSE FOR BOTH ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

A

MITOCHONDRION

55
Q

PROCESS WHERE MITOCHONDRION MAKES 80P MOLECULES

A

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

56
Q

CELLS THAT NEEDS MORE ENERGY HAS MORE ____

A

MITOCHONDRIA

BIOLOGY (7 decks)

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