Animal Anatomy and Phys Flashcards

1
Q

Hypotonic

A

Extracellular fluid is less concentrated than in the intracellular fluid

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2
Q

Red blood cells placed in a __ solution will gain water through osmosis and and burst (hemolysis)

A

Hypotinic

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3
Q

Hypertonic

A

extra cellular fluid is more concentrated than the intracellular fluid

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4
Q

Red blood cells placed in a ___ solution will lose water through osmosis and CRENATE (shrivel)

A

Hypertonic

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5
Q

Isotonic

A

concentrations of the extracellular and intracellular fluids are equal

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6
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Covers the body’s surface, lines body cavities and forms the active part of glands

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7
Q

Squamous epithelium

A

thin, flat, plate-like cells

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8
Q

These type of epithelial tissue line blood vessels (endothelium), alveoli of lungs, and thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

Squamous Epithelium

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9
Q

Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Cube shaped cells- is important in absorption and secretion. Forms the active part of glands and small ducts, ovary surface, and kidney tubules

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10
Q

Columnar epithelium

A

tall, rectangular cells
Simple tissues that line the digestive tract from stomach to rectum and is important for absorption and secretion

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11
Q

Connective tissue

A

widely distributed throughout the body and composed of three elements: cells, fibers, and matrix (ground substance)

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12
Q

Collagen Fibers (white)

A

long, straight, very strong white fibers composed

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13
Q

Elastic fibers (yellow)

A

long, thin, branching, stretchable yellow fibers composed of elastin

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14
Q

reticular fibers

A

fine collagen fibers in a complex network

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15
Q

Skeletal (striated) tissue

A

voluntary control
long, parallel striated fibers with multiple nuclei located at their periphery
attaches to and moves bones

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16
Q

Smooth muscle tissue

A

involuntary control
spindle-shaped, smooth cells with a centrally located nucleus
found in walls of hollow organs (digestive tracts, blood vessels)
lacks bony attachments

17
Q

Cardiac Muscle tissue

A

involuntary control
long, striated cells are joined at points called intercalated discs
single, centrally located nucleus
found only in the heart

18
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

specialized for conducting electrical impulses
major locations are brain, spinal cord, and nerves
two major types- neurons and neuroglial (glial) cells

19
Q

Cranial

A

towards the head

20
Q

rostral

A

towards the nose (used to describe structures on the head)

21
Q

Caudal

A

towards the tail

22
Q

Dorsal

A

towards the backbone

23
Q

ventral

A

away from the backbone

24
Q

medial

A

closest to the median plane

25
lateral
furthest from the medial plane
26
proximal
the point closest to the backbone; used especially in reference to the limbs
27
distal
the point farthest from the backbone; used especially in reference to the limbs
28
posterior
towards the tail
29
palmar
bottom of the front foot
30
plantar
bottom of the rear foot
31
superficial
towards the outer surface of the animal
32
deep (directional)
away from the surface of the animal
33
Osteology
study of bones
34
axial skeleton
bones found on the midline or attached to it (excludes the limbs)
35
appendicular skeleton
all of the bones present in the limbs
36
compact bones (dense)
has very few spaces, appears solid and provides strength and support
37
Haversian system
osteons... central canal, houses the blood vessels and nerves, canaliculi- small canals that radiate out, connecting all lacunae to each other and the central canal... lamellae- concentric rings of bone