Animal Anatomy and Phys

Question 1

Hypotonic

Answer 1

Extracellular fluid is less concentrated than in the intracellular fluid

Question 2

Red blood cells placed in a __ solution will gain water through osmosis and and burst (hemolysis)

Answer 2

Hypotinic

Question 3

Hypertonic

Answer 3

extra cellular fluid is more concentrated than the intracellular fluid

Question 4

Red blood cells placed in a ___ solution will lose water through osmosis and CRENATE (shrivel)

Answer 4

Hypertonic

Question 5

Isotonic

Answer 5

concentrations of the extracellular and intracellular fluids are equal

Question 6

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 6

Covers the body’s surface, lines body cavities and forms the active part of glands

Question 7

Squamous epithelium

Answer 7

thin, flat, plate-like cells

Question 8

These type of epithelial tissue line blood vessels (endothelium), alveoli of lungs, and thoracic and abdominal cavities

Answer 8

Squamous Epithelium

Question 9

Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 9

Cube shaped cells- is important in absorption and secretion. Forms the active part of glands and small ducts, ovary surface, and kidney tubules

Question 10

Columnar epithelium

Answer 10

tall, rectangular cells
Simple tissues that line the digestive tract from stomach to rectum and is important for absorption and secretion

Question 11

Connective tissue

Answer 11

widely distributed throughout the body and composed of three elements: cells, fibers, and matrix (ground substance)

Question 12

Collagen Fibers (white)

Answer 12

long, straight, very strong white fibers composed

Question 13

Elastic fibers (yellow)

Answer 13

long, thin, branching, stretchable yellow fibers composed of elastin

Question 14

reticular fibers

Answer 14

fine collagen fibers in a complex network

Question 15

Skeletal (striated) tissue

Answer 15

voluntary control
long, parallel striated fibers with multiple nuclei located at their periphery
attaches to and moves bones

Question 16

Smooth muscle tissue

Answer 16

involuntary control
spindle-shaped, smooth cells with a centrally located nucleus
found in walls of hollow organs (digestive tracts, blood vessels)
lacks bony attachments

Question 17

Cardiac Muscle tissue

Answer 17

involuntary control
long, striated cells are joined at points called intercalated discs
single, centrally located nucleus
found only in the heart

Question 18

Nervous Tissue

Answer 18

specialized for conducting electrical impulses
major locations are brain, spinal cord, and nerves
two major types- neurons and neuroglial (glial) cells

Question 19

Cranial

Answer 19

towards the head

Question 20

rostral

Answer 20

towards the nose (used to describe structures on the head)

Question 21

Caudal

Answer 21

towards the tail

Question 22

Dorsal

Answer 22

towards the backbone

Question 23

ventral

Answer 23

away from the backbone

Question 24

medial

Answer 24

closest to the median plane

Question 25

lateral

Answer 25

furthest from the medial plane

Question 26

proximal

Answer 26

the point closest to the backbone; used especially in reference to the limbs

Question 27

distal

Answer 27

the point farthest from the backbone; used especially in reference to the limbs

Question 28

posterior

Answer 28

towards the tail

Question 29

palmar

Answer 29

bottom of the front foot

Question 30

plantar

Answer 30

bottom of the rear foot

Question 31

superficial

Answer 31

towards the outer surface of the animal

Question 32

deep (directional)

Answer 32

away from the surface of the animal

Question 33

Osteology

Answer 33

study of bones

Question 34

axial skeleton

Answer 34

bones found on the midline or attached to it (excludes the limbs)

Question 35

appendicular skeleton

Answer 35

all of the bones present in the limbs

Question 36

compact bones (dense)

Answer 36

has very few spaces, appears solid and provides strength and support

Question 37

Haversian system

Answer 37

osteons… central canal, houses the blood vessels and nerves, canaliculi- small canals that radiate out, connecting all lacunae to each other and the central canal… lamellae- concentric rings of bone