Animal Anatomy and Phys Flashcards
Hypotonic
Extracellular fluid is less concentrated than in the intracellular fluid
Red blood cells placed in a __ solution will gain water through osmosis and and burst (hemolysis)
Hypotinic
Hypertonic
extra cellular fluid is more concentrated than the intracellular fluid
Red blood cells placed in a ___ solution will lose water through osmosis and CRENATE (shrivel)
Hypertonic
Isotonic
concentrations of the extracellular and intracellular fluids are equal
Epithelial Tissue
Covers the body’s surface, lines body cavities and forms the active part of glands
Squamous epithelium
thin, flat, plate-like cells
These type of epithelial tissue line blood vessels (endothelium), alveoli of lungs, and thoracic and abdominal cavities
Squamous Epithelium
Cuboidal Epithelium
Cube shaped cells- is important in absorption and secretion. Forms the active part of glands and small ducts, ovary surface, and kidney tubules
Columnar epithelium
tall, rectangular cells
Simple tissues that line the digestive tract from stomach to rectum and is important for absorption and secretion
Connective tissue
widely distributed throughout the body and composed of three elements: cells, fibers, and matrix (ground substance)
Collagen Fibers (white)
long, straight, very strong white fibers composed
Elastic fibers (yellow)
long, thin, branching, stretchable yellow fibers composed of elastin
reticular fibers
fine collagen fibers in a complex network
Skeletal (striated) tissue
voluntary control
long, parallel striated fibers with multiple nuclei located at their periphery
attaches to and moves bones
Smooth muscle tissue
involuntary control
spindle-shaped, smooth cells with a centrally located nucleus
found in walls of hollow organs (digestive tracts, blood vessels)
lacks bony attachments
Cardiac Muscle tissue
involuntary control
long, striated cells are joined at points called intercalated discs
single, centrally located nucleus
found only in the heart
Nervous Tissue
specialized for conducting electrical impulses
major locations are brain, spinal cord, and nerves
two major types- neurons and neuroglial (glial) cells
Cranial
towards the head
rostral
towards the nose (used to describe structures on the head)
Caudal
towards the tail
Dorsal
towards the backbone
ventral
away from the backbone
medial
closest to the median plane