Angle Appliance And Fixed Ortho Flashcards
Angle appliance definition
🔸Device fixed to teeth and applies forces by archwires or auxiliaries
Angle appliance effect
Any type of tooth movement in any occlusion
Angle appliance elements
Bands with vestibular tubes and vestibular archwire
Angle appliance requirements for individual made ring with tube
🔸Do not reach gingival sulcus
🔸Be open occlusal
🔸The tube must be parallel to occlusal plane
🔸First molar separated from adjacent teeth
Angle appliance Archwires
🔸For expansion
🔸For retrusion
Angle Archwires for expansion
🔸Increase the size of the dental arch
🔸Have U shaped curves
Angle Archwires for retrusion
🔸Reduce size of dental arch
🔸Have medial opened hooks soldered in canine region
Angle appliance ligatures
Single and double spring
Angle appliance effects
🔸Leveling teeth in the arch
🔸Arch expansion
🔸Incisors protrusion
🔸Incisors retrusion
🔸Good occlusion
Angle appliance disadvantages
🔸 Flared teeth
🔸Overloaded teeth
🔸Traumatized periodontal
🔸Displaced only crown of teeth
was designed to allow the orthodontist to place the teeth into Angles concept of the ‘line’ of occlusion’
Edgewise system
first appliance developed by angle that employed a bracket and used bands on most of teeth
Pin and tube system
Edgewise system - angle- 1925-1928
- Affects every tooth in three planes
- Controls the position of each dental arch segment or the entire
dental arch - Allows adjusting the ratios of jaws, which can lead to a change in the proportions of the jaw bases and jaw growth
Begg appliance
Uses concept of differential force and tipping of teeth, rather than bodily movement
Indications for use of fixed appliances
🔹Mild to moderate skeletal discrepancies
🔹Intrusion/Extrusion of teeth
🔹Correction of rotations
🔹Overbite reduction
🔹Closure of extraction spaces
Treatment with fixed appliances should only be given to patients with
🔹Good oral hygiene
🔹Good diet/avoidance of sticky foods
🔹Regular attendance
Components of fixed appliances
🔹Brackets
🔹Bands
🔹Archwires
🔹Ligatures
🔹Auxiliaries
Auxiliaries include
tubes, springs, retractors, lock pin, buttons, hooks
Steps in orthodontic bonding
🔹Cleaning
🔹Moisture control
🔹Enamel conditioning- 15-30 secs/ wash and drying
🔹Sealant application to bracket base
Advantages of orthodontic bonding
🔹More aesthetic
🔹Easier oral hygiene maintenance.
🔹 Partially erupted teeth can also be bonded
🔹Risk of caries is eliminated.
🔹 Proximal stripping is possible.
🔹 Less chair side time.
🔹 Proximal areas are available for restoration
Disadvantages of orthodontic bonding
🔹It is a weak attachment
🔹Risk of enamel demineralization
🔹 Enamel fracture can occur during debonding
🔹More bonding failure
requires placing the bracket at different heights on each tooth to compensate for differing crown lengths
Edgewise standard
Metal rings encircling the tooth to which buccal and often lingual attachments are welded
Bands
Bands are mostly seated on
🔹Premolars and molars
🔹can resist more occlusal load
Bands are mostly seated on
🔹Premolar and molar teeth
🔹More resistance to occlusal forces
Types of bands
🔹Preformed
🔹Customised
Separators
Wedge teeth open to make space for bands
Indications for banding
🔹For posterior teeth attachments
🔹Teeth requiring buccal and lingual
Attachments
🔹Used when likely to contact opposing dentition when joins are closed
Archwires
🔹Tied to bracket slot with help of ligatures
🔹Made of different alloys, types, shapes, size and force
Archwires are based on
🔹Cross section
🔹Size
🔹Shape
Archwire materials
- Gold and Gold allays
- Stainless steel
- Nickel titanium alloys
- Beta titanium
- Cobalt chromium nickel alloys
Stainless steel aloys characteristics
- Large modulus of elasticity(stiffness)
- Good corrosion resistance
Colbat chromium alloys characteristics
- Available in softer and formable states
NiTI alloys characteristics
- Excellent springback and flexibility
- Shape memory
- Super elasticity
Beta titanium characteristics
- High modulus of elasticity
- Can be shaped
- Good for auxillary springs and immediate and finishing archwires
Types of arches
- Tapered arch
- Square arch
- Ovoid arch
Levelling definition
Reducing the curve of spee by intrusion and/or extrusion of teeth in an arch
Alignment definition
Moving the teeth into their proper positions to conform to the line of occlusion
Alignment requires a wire with the following characteristics
- High strength
- Low stiffness
- Excellent spring
When choosing alignment wires, they should
- Proide light, continuous force of 50g
- Be able to move freely within brackets
Made in plane of archwire to compensate for differing tooth widths
First order bands
Types of first order bends
- Toe in
- Inset
- Offset
Made in vertical plane to achieve correct mesiodistal angulation or tilt of the tooth
Second order bends
Provide action in 3 planes
Second order bends
Types of second order bends
- Sweep
- Loop
- Cable
- Tip back
- Artistic
Vertical bend for root inlcination
in mesio-distal
Artistic bend
Used for rectangular archwires and exert buccolingual force on tooth apex-Torque
Third order bends
Used to achieve more control of buccolingual root and allows bodily torqing movement
Rectangular wire w/rectangular slot
Increasing diameter of archwire will affect
Force applied to the teeth
Increasing the length or span or wire between brackets
Inversely affects applied force
Active arch Archwires can be with
- Horizontal loops-act in vertical direction and used for levelling
- Vertical loops-act inn mesiodistal direction
Box loops used for
Uprighting canines
T-loop used for
uprighting premolars and molars
Used to secure Archwire into slot
Wire ligatures/elastic bands
Auxillaries
- Elastic chains
- Intra-oral elastics
- Coils
- Rotation springs
Elastic chain use
intramaxillary traction
Rotation spring use
Tooth derotation
