Angiosperms unit

Question 1

abscisic acid

Answer 1

slows growth; keeps seeds dormant until conditions are favorable

Question 2

adhesion

Answer 2

a molecule adhering to a different molecule

Question 3

anther

Answer 3

makes pollen

Question 4

apical meristem

Answer 4

in root tips and shoot tips; causes growth vertically

Question 5

auxin

Answer 5

causes elongation on the shaded side of the shoot of a plant

Question 6

carpel

Answer 6

the female structure of a flower

Question 7

cohesion

Answer 7

the same molecules sticking together

Question 8

cotyledon

Answer 8

a seed leaf

Question 9

cuticle

Answer 9

helps plant to retain water

Question 10

cytokinins

Answer 10

seed embryo

Question 11

endosperm

Answer 11

food for the zygote

Question 12

epidermis

Answer 12

protects plant from damage to the palisade layer

Question 13

ethylene

Answer 13

A gaseous hormone that promotes fruit ripening

Question 14

eudicot

Answer 14

2, also known as dicot

Question 15

filament

Answer 15

holds up anther so pollen can reach stigma if flower is self pollinating

Question 17

true fruit

Answer 17

mature, fertilized and swollen ovary if not grown from ovary than it is not a true fruit

Question 18

germination

Answer 18

after pollination/fertilization; is when the zygote begins to grow

Question 19

gibberellins

Answer 19

a hormone that promotes shoot growth

Question 20

gravitropism

Answer 20

shoot grows up; roots grow down; moves in response to gravity

Question 21

guard cell

Answer 21

controls wether or not the stomata is open; balances between slowing transpiration and opening for gas exchanges so transpiration can happen.

Question 22

hydrotropism

Answer 22

Growth of roots toward a water source

Question 23

lateral meristem

Answer 23

grows the sprout outwards; found everywhere is the plant

Question 24

long-night plant

Answer 24

flowers if the dark period is longer than their critical night length

Question 25

meristem

Answer 25

place of growth in the plant

Question 26

monocot

Answer 26

one

Question 27

mycorrhizae

Answer 27

a fungus that has a mutual relationship with the plants it is connected to; the fungus receives sugar, and the plants receive water

Question 28

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 28

When bacteria in the soil captures nitrogen gas and uses it to create nitrogen ions for plants to take in

Question 29

ovary

Answer 29

becomes the fruit of the flower; is a part of the carpel

Question 30

ovule

Answer 30

becomes the seeds of the fruit; is a part of the carpel; contains one egg cell

Question 31

palisade mesophyll

Answer 31

where photosynthesis generally occurs; is perpendicular to the upper epidermis

Question 32

petal

Answer 32

shape and color of petal help to attract different pollinators

Question 34

photoperiodism

Answer 34

in effect in long night and short night plants; they prefer to flower in beneficial times of year depending on their environment, allows them to determine what time of year it is through night length

Question 35

phototropism

Answer 35

Growth of a shoot toward a light source

Question 36

carpel

Answer 36

the female parts of a flower; also known as thee pistil

Question 37

pollination

Answer 37

when pollen lands on the stigma and starts to form a pollen tube

Question 38

rhizomes

Answer 38

for food storage and propagation; ginger; stem modification

Question 39

root

Answer 39

function is to take water & minerals from soil and other plants

Question 40

root cap

Answer 40

protects the living cells at the tip of the root, made from dead cells

Question 41

root hair

Answer 41

increase the amount of water uptake

Question 42

root nodules

Answer 42

some N-fixing bacteria lives in nodules of roots of bacteria

Question 43

runners

Answer 43

for asexual reproduction; stem modification

Question 44

seed dispersal

Answer 44

can be abiotic or biotic; wind, water, animals

Question 45

self-pollination

Answer 45

being able to have pollen from anther of a flower travel to the stigma on the same flower

Question 46

sepal

Answer 46

leaves under flower

Question 47

short-night plant

Answer 47

flowers if the dark period is shorter than their critical night length

Question 48

spongy mesophyll

Answer 48

under palisade mesophyll; has less chloroplast because palisade layer has absorbed most sunlight already; air pockets are for exchange of gasses

Question 49

stamen

Answer 49

male parts of a flower

Question 50

stigma

Answer 50

where pollen lands

Question 51

stoma

Answer 51

opening on bottom of leaf in the lower epidermis

Question 52

style

Answer 52

female part of flower; supports stigma; where pollen tubes travel through

Question 53

thigmotropism

Answer 53

growth of shoot in response to physical contact

Question 54

transpiration

Answer 54

when water, or air molecules exit the leaf

Question 55

tropism

Answer 55

sophisticated responses to changing environmental conditions

Question 56

tubers

Answer 56

for food storage; potatoes; stem modification

Question 57

vascular tissue

Answer 57

inside vein; where xylem and phloem are located

Question 58

xylem

Answer 58

where water travels up from roots to the rest of the plant

Question 59

osmosis

Answer 59

movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration are; form of diffusion; (ex: moist soil to roots)

Question 60

basic structural parts of a plant

Answer 60

shoot apical meristems; lateral meristems