Angiosperm Morphology Clasification Flashcards
ANA Grade
Basal Angiosperms
Tropics, subtropics
Trees, shrubs, herbs
Simple, spirally arranged
Solitary or clusters
Bisexual
Various fruits, often fleshy
Earliest diverging angiosperms
Magnoliids
Clade
Tropical and subtropical regions
Trees, shrubs, woody climbers
Simple, alternate, often aromatic
Solitary or in clusters
Bisexual, tepals
Fleshy or dry
Includes magnolias and peppers
Monocots
Clade
Worldwide
Herbs, some trees (palms, bamboos)
Parallel venation, simple
Spikelets, panicles, racemes
Usually trimerous (petals in 3)
Fruits usually dry capsules, grains
One cotyledon, fibrous roots
Eudicots
Clade
Worldwide
Diverse habit
Net venation, various arrangements
Usually pentamerous (petals in 5)
Diverse fruits
Two cotyledons, taproot system
Ranunculales
Order
Temperate regions
Herbs, shrubs
Lobed, compound leaves
Racemes, panicles
Bisexual
Fruit achenes, follicles
Early-diverging eudicots
Pentapetalae
Clade
Worldwide
Diverse habit
Net venation Variable
Pentamerous flowers
Variable fruit
Major split in angiosperm evolution
Superrosids
Clade
Worldwide
Usually pentamerous
Diverse
Includes Fabids and Malvids
Fabids
Clade
Worldwide
Trees, shrubs, herbs
Alternate, compound
Racemes, umbels
Zygomorphic, often papilionaceous
Pods, legumes
Includes legumes and nitrogen-fixing plants
Fabales
Order
Worldwide
Trees, shrubs, herbs
Compound
Racemes, umbels
Bisexual, zygomorphic
Legume
Malphigiales
Order
Tropical and temperate regions
Trees, shrubs, lianas
Simple or compound
Bisexual
Capsules, drupes
Highly diverse
Malvids
Clade
Worldwide
Usually pentamerous
Malvales
Order
Tropics and subtropics
Trees, shrubs, herbs
Simple, often palmate
Cymes, panicles
Bisexual, often large
Capsules, schizocarps
Includes cotton, hibiscus
Myrtales
Order
Tropical and subtropical regions
Trees, shrubs
Opposite, simple
Panicles, cymes
Bisexual, inferior ovary
Berries, capsules
Sapindales
Order
Worldwide
Trees, shrubs, lianas
Compound, alternate
Panicles, racemes
Bisexual or unisexual
Drupes, capsules
Includes maples, citrus
Superasterids
Clade
Worldwide
Usually pentamerous
Includes Asterales and Caryophyllales
Caryophyllales
Order
Worldwide
Herbs, shrubs, climbers
Simple, opposite
Cymes, solitary
Bisexual Capsules, utricles
Includes cacti, beets
Rosids
Clade
Worldwide
Trees, shrubs, herbs
Pentamerous
Large group including legumes, roses
