Angina Drugs Flashcards
Nitroglycerin
Action: Low Dose: venodilation High Dose: Arteriodilation
Usage: Angina, Acute Coronary Syndrome
Toxicities: Reflex tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, headache. Be aware of tolerance.
Other: Sublingual for acute angina- fast acting, short duration (10-30 min). Oral/Transdermal for prophylaxis w/ slow onset/long duration (6-8 hrs)
Mechanism: reduced to NO, activates Myosin Light Chain Phosphatase (MLCP)
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Action: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor
Usage: Erectile dysfunction, angina
Toxicities: vision problems, contraindicated w/ nitrovasodilators (hypotensive shock), excessive vasodilation- headache, dizziness, flushing.
Mechanism: inhibits cGMP breakdown, increases MLCP activity
Metopralol
Action: Beta-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
Usage: Hypertension; angina (increases exercise tolerance); CHF.
Toxicity: Bradycardia; bronchospasm.
Other: Risk of MI and angina if abrupt cessation of treatment. Also decreases RAAS activity.
Propanolol
Action: Non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist.
Usage: Hypertension; angina; congestive heart failure; arrhythmia; essential tremor; migraine.
Toxicities: Bradycardia; bronchoconstriction; heart block; depression/sedation.
Other: Risk of MI and angina if abrupt cessation of treatment.
Picmonic: Non-Selective Beta Blockers.
Verapamil
Aciton: Cardioselective L-type Ca2+ channel blocker
Usage: HTN, Angina (stable and unstable), Arrhythmias
Toxicity: Cardiac depression, constipation
Other: Strong cardiac blocking effect w/ weak smooth muscle blocking effect
Related Drugs: Diltiazem
Nifedipine
Action: Vascular selective L-type Ca2+ channel blocker
Usage: HTN, angina (stable and unstable), arrhythmias
Toxicities: Hypotension, flushing, dizziness
Other: Strong vascular smooth muscle blocking effect w/ weak cardiac blocking. 4 hr duration
Related Drugs: Amlodipine (long duration, 30-50hrs)
