ANESTHETICS Flashcards

1
Q

Classified into two main classes, amides and esters, based on the linkage in the .

A

intermediate chain.

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2
Q

Aromatic;

A

responsible for onset of activity

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3
Q

Intermediate (middle) chain

A

determines class (amide vs. ester)

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4
Q

Amine;

A

determines duration of action

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5
Q

amides metabolized

A

in the liver by the p 450 enzymes

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6
Q

Esters may cross react with

A

STPP [sulfa, thiazides, PABA, PPD (paraphenylenediamine)]

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7
Q

• Block neural transmission by displacing calcium ions from receptor and control sodium permeability

A

• Block neural transmission

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8
Q

risk of methemoglobinema (treat with methylene blue or ascorbic acid)

A

• Prilocaine:

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9
Q

patients on dapsone and with G6PD—can use cimetidine

with dapsone to decrease risk.

A

• Methemoglobinemia

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10
Q

cardiotoxicity

A

• Bupivicane

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11
Q

safe in liver disease patients

A

• Benzocaine:

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12
Q

Avoid in patients allergic to parapheylinediamine

A

benzocaine

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13
Q

longest acting

A

Tetracaine:

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14
Q

shortest active

A

• Procaine

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15
Q

Bupivicaine, etidocaine, and ropivacaine

tetracaine (BET)

A

longest duration of action +

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16
Q

Esters should not be used in patients with

pseudocholinesterase deficiency

A

are metabolized in the plasma

by pseudocholinesterase

17
Q

most vasoconstrictive anesthetic

A

Cocaine

18
Q

Digital tourniquets can be safely left on

for 10–15 minutes

A

10–15 minutes