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Anesthesia clinical > Anesthesia quiz > Flashcards

Anesthesia quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is MAC for iso vs sevo?

A

Iso 1.28-1.63

Sevo 2.1-2.58

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2
Q

Which volatile gas has a higher solubility? What does that mean?

A

Iso 1.4 (vs sevo 0.6) - this means that iso favors being in the blood which delays increase of partial pressures in the brain

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3
Q

What are the cardio effects of gas ax (3 things)?

A
  1. DEPRESS cardiac function (decrease CO, art BP, GFR, and increases PPCo2)
  2. Decrease contractility
  3. Vasodilation
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4
Q

What is your most common vaporizer setting to start ax?

A

2% then decrease

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5
Q

What does MAC mean?

A

Mean alveolar concentration (the potency of the drug)

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6
Q

What decreases MAC? (10 things!)

A
  1. Acidosis (severe)
  2. Hypothermia
  3. Pregnancy
  4. Older age
  5. Pre-meds (ACE reduces by 40%)
  6. Induction agents
  7. Local Ax
  8. Severe anemia
  9. Hypoxemia
  10. Sepsis
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7
Q

What increases MAC? (2 things)

A
  1. Hyperthermia

2. Hypernatremia

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8
Q

What are the main effects (2) of opioids?

A

Analgesia, increased sedation

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9
Q

What are the side effects (5) of opioids?

A
  1. Emesis (morphine, hydro)
  2. Bradycardia
  3. Hypothermia
  4. Respiratory depression
  5. Histamine release (morphine, meperidine)
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10
Q

What drugs are the full mu opioids (5)?

A

Morphine, meperidine, methadone, hydromorphone, fentanyl

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11
Q

What drugs is the partial mu opioid?

A

Buprenorphine

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12
Q

What is the agonist-antagonist opioid? How is it different than the others?

A

Butorphanol - synthetic, less resp depression

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13
Q

What are the main effects of acepromazine (2)?

A

Mild to mod sedation, tranquilization

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14
Q

What are other good effects of ace (3)?

A
  1. Antiemetic
  2. Antispasmodic
  3. Weak antihistamine properties
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15
Q

What is the onset of action of ace?

A

30-60mins

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16
Q

What is a special thing about Acepromazine (with MAC)?

A

Decreases MAC by 40%

17
Q

What are the side effects of acepromazine (7)?

A
  1. Hypotension
  2. Hypothermia
  3. Bradycardia
  4. Adrenaline reversal
  5. Vasodilation
  6. Splenic enlargement
  7. Priapism and penile paralysis (horses)
18
Q

What are the 5 effects of alpha 2 agonists?

A
  1. Analgesia
  2. Sedation
  3. Muscle relaxation
  4. Anxiolytic
  5. Reduce inhalant
19
Q

What are the 3 major side effects of alpha 2 agonists?

A
  1. HYPOTENSION
  2. Decrease CO
  3. Bradycardia
20
Q

What is the most common alpha 2 we use in small animal?

A

Dexmedetomidine (more potent and effective)

21
Q

What is special about xylazine (receptors)?

A

Mixed alpha 1 and 2

22
Q

What are some effects (4) of benzodiazepines?

A
  1. Anxiolytic
  2. Hypnotic
  3. Anticonvulsants
  4. Decrease post op restlessness

Anesthesia clinical (1 decks)

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