Anesthesia Monitoring Flashcards
What is the target SpO2 for a patient under anesthesia?
As high as possible or >97%
What does SpO2 percentage determine?
The percent of O2 in the PT’s blood. It’s the ratio of oxidized hemoglobin to the total amount of hemoglobin in the bloodstream.
What locations do you moisten with alcohol for SpO2 probe placement?
Toes
Area near Achilles Tendon
Ears
Stomach Rolls
Inguinal Skin Flap
What locations do you moisten with water for SpO2 probe placement?
Vulva
Tongue
Jowls
Prepuce
What are two things that interfere with the SpO2 readings?
1.Motion interferes with waveform
2.Brightness of light source or surrounding light
How often should vitals be recorded on the anesthetic record?
Every 5 minutes while the patient is under anesthesia.
What is the target heart rate range for cats?
120 - 180 bpm
What is the target heart rate range for small dogs?
100 - 150 bpm
What is the target heart rate range for large dogs?
60 - 120 bpm
What is the target heart rate range for rabbits?
200 - 300 bpm
What are the 6 ways to obtain a PT’s HR?
- Manual pulse
- SpO2 monitor
- Stethoscope
- Esophageal stethoscope
- Doppler
- ECG
What are 3 reasons a PT might be bradycardic?
- Anesthesia is too deep
- Hypoxia, flow of O2 is too slow
- Hypothermia
What drug can cause bradycardia despite a normal BP?
What are 3 reasons a PT might be tachycardic?
- Anesthesia is too light
- PT is feeling pain
- Hypercarbia
What drug is used to bring a PT’s HR up during surgery?
What drug is used to restart the heart in a PT that is crashing or arresting?
What is the target RR for cats and dogs under anesthesia?
6 - 20 breaths per minute
At minimum, how often should you manually give the PT a breath?
Every 5 minutes, but should be done as often as possible
How do you manually give the PT a breath?
Hold down the pop-off valve button and squeeze the reservoir bag until the correct pressure is reached. Then depress the bag to mimic a sigh.
What are 4 ways to visualize a PT’s respirations?
- Watch PT’s chest
- Watch flutter valves
- Watch reservoir bag
- Look for condensation in ET tube
What is the maximum PSI for neonates?
10 cm H2O
What is the maximum PSI for cats and small dogs?
15 cm H2O
What is the maximum PSI for large dogs?
20 cm H2O
What are 4 reasons a PT might be apneic or bradypneic?
- Anesthesia is too deep
- Drug induced
- Hypothermia
- PT is high risk (has an open chest cavity)
What are 3 reasons a PT might be tachypneic?
- Anesthesia is too light
- PT is feeling pain
- Hypoxia
What does (MAP) stand for and what does it measure?
Mean Arterial Pressure; it measures the resistance and pressure of blood in the arteries during one heart beat.
What is the lowest MAP reading you can have before you should take action?
<60 MAP
After alerting the doctor, what is the next thing you should do when a PT’s MAP reads <60 two or more times in a row?
