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NUAN 602-Fundamental Principles of NAP > Anesthesia Machine I > Flashcards

Anesthesia Machine I Flashcards

1
Q

The ASA closed claims database project showed only a small number (Approx 2%) of cliams were related to gas delivery equipment. Tho small in number, these cases carried a: (name 3)

A

high severity of injury
high cost
prominent role for equipment MISUSE

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2
Q

misuse of equipment is ____ x more likely than an actual equipment malfunction due to these two things:

A

3x
lack of familiarity and failure to perform a machine check

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3
Q

what is the single highest source of error involved in gas delivery claims?

A

the breathing circuit

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4
Q

3 things you need in ANY emergency or malfunction

A

ambu bag, o2 tank, and propofol

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5
Q

what are the four types of anesthesia machine manufacturers

A

draeger medical inc
GE Healthcare
maquet geting group
penlon america

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6
Q

what are the 3 purposes of the anesthesia machine?

A

deliver gases to the patient
create an artifical breathing environment for patient during anesthesia
removal of excess gases from patienta nd breathing circut

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7
Q

what are the two absolute pressures of a compressed gas

A

absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi at 70 degrees OR
absolute pressure exceeding 104 psi at 130 degrees

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8
Q

what can a compressed gas be supplied in?

A

cylinder or the pipeline

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9
Q

name the 3 ways O2 is manufactured:

A

fractional distillation of liquified air
electrolysis of water
thermal decompensation of NA Chlorates

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10
Q

what is the most common method of manufacturing O2 that accounts for 80%

A

fractional distillation of liquified air

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11
Q

liquid occupies ______ of the space a gas would occupy

A

1/860

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12
Q

how can oxygen be stored?

A

cyllinder tank or liquid

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13
Q

what is manufactured by the thermal decompensation of ammonium nitrate?

A

N2O

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14
Q

how is nitrous oxide classified?

A

nonflammable but supports combustion

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15
Q

name the 4 gases that do not liquify at ordinary temperature and ambient pressure:

A

oxygen
nitrogen
air
helium

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16
Q

2000 PSI = how many liters of oxygen

A

660

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17
Q

1000 PSI = how mnay liters of oxygen

A

330

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18
Q

what PSI and liters does a high pressure cylinder contain?

A

3000 PSI and 1000 liter O2

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19
Q

what two gases can become liquid in containers at ordinary temperatures and pressures ranging from 25-1500 PSI

A

nitrous oxide
carbon dioxide

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20
Q

the cylinder pressure of N20 remains nearly constant if the temperature remains constant Until:

A

almost all of the liquid has evaporated

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21
Q

what PSI is liquified N20 at until all the liquid has evaporated?

A

745

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22
Q

a nonprofit organization that promotes, develops, represents, and coordinates technical and standardization activities in the compressed gas industries including end uses of products

A

compressed gas association of 1913

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23
Q

are you forced to join the compressed gas association?

A

no legal force

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24
Q

what agency uses the force of law to ensure purity in compressed gas regulation?

A

FDA

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25
what team is used in the marking. labeling, qualifications, transport, maintenance, and disposition of cyllinders containing compressed gas?
the department of transportation (DOT)
26
inspection and internal hydrostatis pressure test occurs every ___ years for cyllinders?
5 years, but with special permit testing is permissable to every 10
27
cylinders are tested to ____ of their service pressure
1.66
28
what are the advantages of pipeline systems?
cheaper less danger than cylinders convenient gas is delivered at reduced pressure
29
what is the reduced pressure that the pipeline system delivers gas at?
50-55 PSI
30
what kind of tubing is the pipeline system made of?
copper tubing approved by the national fire protection agency
31
what are the problems with pipeline systems?
contamination can occur (particles, bacteria, viral, moisture) inadequate pressure excessive pressure accidental crossover
32
what is a pipeline crossover
an anesthetic emergency when the oxygen and nitrous oxide lines are switched
33
how will you know if theres a pipeline crossover?
low o2 sensor, low fio2 noted
34
what do you do in the event of a hospital pipeline crossover?
turn on backup oxygen cylinder disconnect oxygen pipeline supply hose from the wall ventilate manually
35
what is a manual shut off lever of a pipeline system?
a section of the pipeline used for maintenance repair, testing, or problems distal to the valve
36
what side of the anesthesia machine consists of those parts which reveive gas at cylinder pressure?
the high pressure circuit
37
what are the components of the high pressure side?
hanger yoke yoke block cylinder pressure gauge cylinder pressure regulator
38
what is the safety feature of the hanger yoke?
the PISS - pin index safety system go piss girl
39
what is the purpose of the pin index safety system?
to prevent interchanging of cylinders on the cylinder yoke
40
what are the combinations of these three gases' cylinder valve pins oxygen air n2O
2-5 1-5 3-5
41
what are the two styles of hanger yokes
the ohmeda- swing gate draeger- screw type
42
how many times can you use a gasket?
ONCE, single use only
43
what is the purpose of the check valve?
minimizes trans-filling of cylinders allows change of cylinders minimizes leaks to atmosphere if a yoke is empty
44
what does the cylinder pressure gauge reflect:
cylinder pressure
45
the cylinder pressure gauge is located on which side of the anesthesia machine:
high pressure side
46
what are the names of the two types of pressure gauge readings?
bourdon gauge, digital readout
47
connects a gas from a variable prssure within the gas cylinder to a lower more constant working pressure suitable for use in the anesthesia machine:
the first stage regulator OR the pressure reducing valve or reducing regulator or regular valve 1 million names for the same shit
48
what pressure does the first stage regulator reduce to?
45-50PSI
49
what kind of valve is inside the first stage regulator?
a diaphragm type valve
50
name all the components of the intermediate pressure side of the anesthesia machine: good luck
pipeline inlets check valves pressure gauges ventilator power outlet oxygen pressure failure devices oxygen second stage regulator flush valve
51
what is the primary source for the anesthesia gas machine?
the hospital medical gas pipeline
52
what PSI is the hospital medical gas pipeline?
50-55 PSI
53
what is the PSI of the anesthesia machine gas cylinder pressure?
45-50 PSI
54
cylinder pressure operates at a constant prssure of approx ___ PSI
45
55
why is the pressure slightly less in cylinder pressure than pipeline pressure?
to prevent silent cylinder depletion in the event a cylinder is accidentally left open after checking its pressure (during a machine check)
56
what protects the anesthesia machine from accepting the wrong pipeline gas?
the DISS- diameter index safety system
57
why did the compressed gas association develop the diameter index safety system?
to establish a standard for non-interchangeable, removable connections for use with medical gases, vacuum, and evacuation service
58
what does the master switch do?
turns power on to the machine all pneumatic and electrical features turn on at once all alrms and safety features must be activate when master switch is turned on
59
what PSIG and PSI does the second stage regulator reduce nitrous oxide and oxygen to?
26, 14
60
what is the purpose of the second stage regulator?
elimninates fluctuations in pressure supplied to the flow indicator caused by fluctuations in pipeline pressure by reducing the pressures below the normal fluctuation range, the flow remains more constant
61
what are the other names for the oxygen flush valve?
oxygen bypass or emergency oxygen
62
the oxygen flush valve directs a high flow of _____ L/min of O2 to the machine outlet
35-75 L/min
63
the low pressure side of the machine is ____ to get to the patient
safe
64
components of the low pressure system: (4)
flowmeter tubes, vaporizers, check valves, common gas outlet
65
gas flows of the flowmeters are required through a range of ___ mL to __L
200 ml to 15 L
66
the flowmeters contain a combination of .... (6)
oxygen nitrous oxide air helium nitrogen carbon dioxide
67
what kind of design principle is the variable orifice flowmeters?
thorpe tube design smaller at the bottom, wider at the top
68
minimal oxygen flow is provided by an adjustable stop on the oxygen flowmeter control knob (___to___ML)
200-300mL
69
flowmeter features:
knobs are color coded oxygen knob has design color and larger shape spacing betwen knobs is a minimium of 25mm delicate instruments, some of which are pin indexed to prevent interchangability
70
examples of laminar flow:
low flow viscosity of gas poisellue's law
71
examples of turublent flow:
high flow density of gas graham's law
72
traditional flowmeters are calibrated within ____to___% accuracy at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
2-10% accuracy
73
what is atmospheric and room temperature
760 Torr 20 degrees Celsius
74
true of false: temperature changes do not significantly induce changes in flowmeter accuracy
true
75
when flowtubes are used at high altitudes, actual flow is ____ than indicated on the flowmeter scale because atmospheric pressure ___ with altitude
higher decreases
76
when flowtubes are used at low altitudes, actual flow is ___ than indicated on the flowmeter scale bc atmospheric pressure ___ below sea level
lower increases
77
what side is oxygen flowmeter located on?
right
78
where do you read the ball vs the nonrotating float?
ball- middle float- top
79
electronic flowmeters are _____x more accurate than glass flowtubes
5-10x
80
how many minutes does the battery back up have on anesthesia machine?
30 min
81
what is the point of exit for gas from the anesthesia machine?
common gas outlet
82
How is N20 manufactured?
Thermal decompensation of ammonium nitrate

NUAN 602-Fundamental Principles of NAP (7 decks)

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