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Anesthesia Machine 2 Flashcards

1
Q

why are flowmeter valves linked mechanically or pneumatically

A

so that O2 cannot be set below 25% with to the use of N2O

  • ensures adequate % of O2 delivery
  • No more than 70% N2O can be used
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2
Q

how does the flowmeter interlink mechanism function

A
  • O2 spindle is connected to N2O spindle
  • if you incres. N2O flow, O2 incre
  • if incres. O2 flow; N2O wil not increas
  • if decre N2O flow; O2 flow will not decr.

teeth: O2=29, N2O=14
- N2O knob spins 2.07 x’s per 1 O2 knob spin

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3
Q

what is Heat of Vaporization

A

the number of calories required at a specific temperature to convert 1 G of liquid to vapor

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4
Q

Describe the vaporizer flow pattern

A

FGF enters the vaporizer and pass through a filter
-a temp relief valve exist which will open is gas flow exceeds that which is required for trhe delivery of gas conc on dial

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5
Q

why do temperature compensating bypass valve exist

A
  • they exist because temp changes are constant

- bypass valve will open and allow gas to bypass vaporizer chamber

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6
Q

Color coded Vaporizers

A 
Halothane-red
Isoflurane- purple
Enflurane- orange
Sevoflurane-yellow
Desflurane- blue
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7
Q

What happens if the wrong agent is put in a Vaporizer

A
  • HLH : higher VP agent in lower VP vaporizer chamber will deliver a higher conc
  • LHL :lower VP agent in higher VP vaporizer chamber will deliver a lower conc

*if occur, must flush with 100% O2 and dry

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8
Q

what is a TEC 6 Vaporizer and how does it work

A
  • made specifically for desflurane
  • electrically heats to approx 39 degrees C
  • pressurizes to approx 2atm
  • controls amt desflurane output
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9
Q

Why is Desflurane different from most other gases

A
  • VP is 3-4x’s that of other gases
  • boils at approx 22.8 degrees C
  • VP at room temp ( 20 deg C) is near 1 atm
  • if not heated, the large amt required would cause excess cooling of vaporizer making conventional temp compensation mechanisim ineffective
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10
Q

How is CO2 eliminated from a breathing circuit

A
  • high FGF

- or chemical neutralization

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11
Q

what are some Advantages of the Circle system

A
  • help avoid anesthetic pollution in the OR
  • avoid anesthetic wasting
  • helps prevent loss of patient heat and humidity by the high FGFrequired by the mapleson circuits
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12
Q

What is an APL or Pop Off valve

A
  • Allowable Pressure Limiting valve

- Valve that limits the amount of pressure inside the pts lungs during manuel/spontaneous ventilation.

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13
Q

how does an APL valve function

A
  • turning the knob to the right (closing) increases the pressure going into pt
  • turning to left decreases pressure
  • if pressure reaches the setting of the APL knob, the valve opens and allows excess gas to escape to the scavenging system
  • pressure gauge amt = PIP
  • not used for mechanical vent (bypassed)
  • leave open when not in use
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14
Q

What is the final product of CO2 neutralization

A
  • carbonate
  • water
  • heat
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15
Q

what is Soda Lime and Baralyme absorbant Mess size

A

4 -8

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16
Q

what is Soda Lime method of hardness

A
  • silica added

- minimizes dust formation

17
Q

what is Baralyme method of hardness

A

bound water of crystalization

18
Q

What is the Indicating dye for Soda Lime and Baralyme

A

Ethyl Violet

19
Q

What is the Absorptive Capacity for soda lime

A

14- 23 L of CO2/ 100G granules

20
Q

What is the Absorptive Capacity for Baralyme

A

9 - 18 L of CO2/ 100G granules

21
Q

What are the Contents of Soda Lime

A
  • sodium hydroxyde
  • potassium hydroxide
  • calcium hydroxide
22
Q

What are the Contents of Baralyme

A
  • calcium hydroxide

- barium hydroxide

23
Q

what are the contents of Amsorb absorbent

A
  • calcium hydroxide
  • calcium chloride
  • does not form compound A
24
Q

How are Toxic compounds formed

A
  • Sevoflurane interacts with strong bases in soda lime and baralyme
  • it forms degradation products that are toxic in high conc.
  • Compound A
25
Q

What are some factors that increase compund A

A

-total gas flow rates below 1L/min (>2hrs)
-use of baralyme rather than soda lime
-high absorbent temp
-high conc. of Sevoflurane
-length of anesthesia
-drying of CO absorbent, fresh soda lime,
machine on all night

26
Q

What are the volatile anesthetic gases that can produce carbon monoxide (in order of highest production)

A
  1. Desflurane
  2. Enflurane
  3. Isoflurane
27
Q

what factors increase the risk for carbon monoxide production

A
  • use of baralyme rather than soda lime
  • higher temp in absorber
  • dry absorbent *monday morning syndrome
  • high anesth conc
  • incre length of time
28
Q

what is a problem that can occur with the Unidirectional Valves

A
  • sticking of valves

- flutter valves- oneway valves-check valves- dome valves

Anesthesia Machine 2 (3 decks)

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