Anesthesia-Biochemistry Review - Final XLS in CSV form - Sheet1 Flashcards
What is another name for Bupivicaine?
Marcaine
Which anesthetic has the shortest halflife?
Chloroprocaine
Which anesthetic has the fastest onset?
Lidocaine
Which anesthetic has a risk of CAUSING withdrawal? Why?
Stadol (Butorphanol), it’s a mixed mu-agonist antagonist
A patient has mitral stenosis, what do you give to block intubation reflex hypertension?
Nitroprusside, In patients in whom hypertension during laryngoscopy could result in hypertensive crisis or cardiac decompensation, the anesthesiologist may administer anti-hypertensives during intubation.
Findings in autonomic dysreflexia?
Hypertension, Bradycardia, Flushing
Longest lasting anesthetic for an epidural?
Bupivicaine
What is the worst complication of halothane?
Hepatotoxicity
Most common cause of mortality in setting of epidural placed for C-S?
Local toxicity
Local anesthetic epidural anesthesia is LEAST associated with
a) hypotension
b) FHR abnormalities
c) pruritis
d) spinal headache
Pruritus (that is for Narcotic epidurals, not local anesthetic)
What is the best medication to alleviate hypertension in a preeclamptic patient at time of general anesthesia induction?
Nitroglycerin, In patients in whom hypertension during laryngoscopy could result in hypertensive crisis or cardiac decompensation, the anesthesiologist may administer anti-hypertensives during intubation.
What is the principal substrate for oxidative metabolism in the placenta?
Glucose
Where are the different Prostaglandins made?
PGI2: Myometrium
PGE2: Decidua and Amnion
PGF2alpha: Decidua
Mechanism of Uterine Contraction?
phospholipase C converts phospatidylinositol triphosphate to inositol triphosphate, which release calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium then binds to calmodulin; the calcium-calmodulin complex then activates myosin light chain kinase. Myosin light chain kinase phosphorylates myosin light chain, which enables the ATPase activity & causes sliding of myosin over actin fibrils.
What drug increases the motor blockade with magnesium sulfate?
Calcium Channel Blocker
What enzyme is the rate-limiting step in synthesis of prostaglandin?
Phospholipid converstion by Phospholipase A2 to Arachidonic acid
What medication causes reversible hearing loss in the fetus?
Streptomycin
Why is it a bad plan to give I131 in pregnancy?
It will destroy the fetal thyroid (because it concentrates there startingat 10-12 weeks)
Fasting levels of what causes NTD? When might you see it?
Homocysteine, With Folic Acid antagonists blocking folate acid synthesis and back up results in increased homocysteine.
Which agents can potentially cause renal anomalies along with oligohydramnios?
ACE-inhibitors (-opril drugs)
Features of Congenital Rubella?
Blueberry Muffin, Cardiac issues, Cataracts, CNS and Deafness.
Recurrence risk with spina bifida?
1.5% if one effected chlid, 7% if 2
Microtia associated with other drugs then isotretinoin?
Thalidomide, Mycophenolate
NTDs are usually:
a) Due to single gene defects
b) Caused by teratogens
c) Multifactorial
d) Aneuploidy
Multifactorial