Anesthesia and Surgery – 28%

Question 1

What are the three main phases of general anesthesia?

Answer 1

Induction, maintenance, and emergence

Question 2

What are the stages of of general aneshesia?

Answer 2

Stage I Analgesia State: Patient is conscious and rational, with decreased perception of pain

Stage II Delirium Stage: Patient is unconscious; body responds reflexively ; irregular breathing pattern with breath holding

Stage IIISurgical Anesthesia: Increasing degrees of muscle relaxation; unable to protect airway

Stage IVMedullary Depression: there is depression of cardiovascular and respiratory centers

Question 3

Answer the following:

What is the suggested propofol induction dose for most patients?

Why can a patient go into anaphylaxis with propofol?

Answer 3

1. 1 to 2.5 mg/kg

Patients may have allergies to the soybean oil emulsion with egg phosphatide

Question 4

Answer the following:

Why would someone want to use etomadate for induction?

What is the suggested induction dose?

Does etomadate increase or decrease BP? HR? and CO?

Does etomadate have analgesic effects?

Answer 4

Etomadate is great for patients who are hemodynamically unstable

Induction dose: 0.15 - 0.3 mg/kg

Etomadate results in no changes of BP, HR, and CO

No etomadate does not have any analgesic effects

Question 5

What type of agensts are used for induction during general anesthesia?

Answer 5

sedative hypnotic: propofol, etomadate, ketamine

Adjuvant IV: opiod, lidocaine, or benzodiazepine

Question 6

Does MAC ensure pain control?

Answer 6

No, will need local anesthesia

Question 7

According to 100 dry tali:

What is the average length of the Talus?

What is the average width of the Talus?

What is the

Sarrafians Anatomy pg 50

Answer 7

Length: 48 mm

Width 37 mm

Question 8

WHat areteries provide the major blood supply to the Talus?

Answer 8

Anterior Tibial/ Dorsalis Pedis: Artery of Sinus Tarsi

Posterior Tibial Artery: Artery of Tarsal Canal and (Detoid Artery Branch of Tarsal Canal)

Peroneal Artery Posterior Direct Branches

Question 9

Name the blood supply for the location?

Talar Head?

Talar Body?

Inferior Surface of the neck of Talus?

Answer 9

Head: Superior and medial 2/3 of neck supplied by superior neck vessels and inferior lateral 1/3 supplied by brancehes from sinus tarsi (DP)

Body: Anastomotic branches from tarsal canal, deltoid brancehs, and sinus tarsi ( author concluded that major artery was that of the tarsal canal.

Neck (Inferior): Artery of Tarsal Canal + Artery of Sinus Tarsi

Question 10

ADC VAANDILMAX meaning

Answer 10

1. Admit to Dr.
2. Diagnosis
3. Condition
4. Vitals
5. Allergy
6. Activity
7. Nursing
8. Diet
9. In and out
10. Lab
11. Meds
12. Ancillary
13. X-Ray

Question 11

Post Op-Note

SAPPPA HEMI PCC

Answer 11

1. Surgeon
2. Assistant
3. Procedure
4. Pre-op diagnosis
5. Post-op Diagnosis
6. Anesthesia
7. Hemostasis
8. EBL
9. Material
10. Injectable
11. Pathology
12. Complications
13. Condition

Question 12

When should should a patient stop smoking prior to surgery?

Answer 12

2 weeks prior to the operation

Question 13

Post op fever causes

Answer 13

Wind

Water

Walk

Wound

Wonder Drugs

Question 14

Largest amount of gapping for primary bone healing?

Answer 14

2mm or less

Question 15

What is the pitch of a cancellous screw vs cortical?

Answer 15

Cancellous: 1.75mm

Cortical: 1.25mm