Anesthesia Flashcards
Routes of general anesthesia
IV or Inhaled
Routes of regional anesthesia
Intrathecal or epidural
Routes of local anesthesia
Injection or topical
Phases of general anesthesia
Analgesia/Induction
pt is conscious
Phases of general anesthesia
Delirium/Disinhibition
pt loses consciousness, monitored by respirators
Phases of general anesthesia
Surgical anesthesia
unconscious, no pain reflex
Phases of general anesthesia
Medullary paralysis
gone too far, pt can have respiratory or cardiovascular collapse
Effects of inhaled general anesthesia
Hang over effect - redistribution of the drug is slower when going through adipose tissue, heavier patients will have a longer last hangover effect
IV general anesthetics
- quick onset and recovery
- preferred during induction phase
Regional anesthesia
3 main categories
- central neuraxial block (epidural)
- peripheral nerve block (near nerve)
- field block (diffuse to surgical area)
Local anesthesia
reversibly binds and blocks nerve conduction- confined to one area and quick recovery
AE: rare, but possible if drug enters systemic circulation
- CNS stimulation progressing to CNS depression
- CV issues
Disadvantages of local anesthesia
incomplete analgesia, longer time to anesthesia
General anesthesia precautions
look out for weakness, drowsiness, falls, impaired airway clearance, decreased immune function, and in older adults a decreased cough reflex
AE of all anesthetics
RESPIRTORY DEPRESSION
