Anesthesia Flashcards
What are the two main types of anesthetic circuits? How do the flow rates differ?
- Rebreathing > 5 kg
- Requires LOWER O2 flow rates (0.5 l/min) - Non-Rebreathing/Bain < 5 kg
- Requires HIGHER O2 flow rates (2 l/min)
Characteristics of general anesthesia?
Loss of consciousness, amnesia, muscle relaxation, immobility, controlled, REVERSIBLE
What are the stages of general anesthesia?
Stage I: Voluntary movement (pt conscious)
Stage II: Involuntary movement (pt unconscious)
Stage III: Surgical anesthesia
- Plane I: Light surgical anesthesia
- Plane II: Moderate surgical anesthesia (GOAL)
- Plane III: Deep surgical anesthesia
- Plane IV: Very deep surgical anesthesia
Stage IV: Medullary (brainstem) collapse
CO = ___ x ___
HR x SV
BP = ___ x ___
CO x SVR
What 3 things make up SV?
preload, contractility, and afterload
BP cuff size
30% width of limb
MAP goal
70 or higher
Steps to treating hypotension
- ASSESS DEPTH
- Increase HR if needed
- Give fluids if needed
- Inotropes
Try to decrease gas if possible, one of the leading cause of hypotension during anesthesia
- Inotropes
PaO2 should be _x the FiO2
5
example: breathing atmospheric 21% oxygen givens us a PaO2 80-100
What position should a hypoxic patient be positioned if possible?
Sternal
What drives ventilation?
CO2 - Amount in CSF measured by the brainstem
Review capnograph waveforms
Normal
Rebreathing CO2 - never reaches zero
Apnea/detached monitor
Cardiac arrest
Shark fin
ETT leak
Cardiac oscillations
ROSC
Measuring CPR effectiveness via capnography
ETCO2 > 15 (goal)
This means that we have enough CO to circulate back to the lungs to rid CO2 if we have a high reading :)
How to calculate tidal volume?
Kg x 15 (multiple by 5 to find bag size)
Fluid rates for dog/cat surgical procedures
Dog 5 ml/kg/hr
Cat 3 ml/kg/hr
