Anemias + Hematologic Disorders Flashcards
What are common microcytic anemias?
Iron deficiency, thalassemias, and sideroblastic*
Macrocytic anemias can be caused by deficiencies in what two vitamins?
Cobalamin and folic acid deficiency
What would differentiate a normocytic anemia caused by primary bone marrow failure from that caused by a secondary anemia like liver disease?
Primary bone marrow failure would show decreased erythroid progenitors, while that would be normal in secondary anemias
What are common causes for secondary anemias?
Inflammation, uremia, liver disease, and reduced endocrine function
Microcytes in a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia
A “pencil cell” on a peripheral blood smear coudl indicate what?
Iron deficiency anemia
A “tear drop” on a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Myelofibrosis or extra medullary hemopoiesis
A “target cell” on a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Liver disease, hemoglobinopathies, or post-splenectomy
A Howell-Jolly body on a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Nuclear inclusion or post-splenectomy
A “spherocyte” on a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Hereditary spherocytosis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia
A “spur cell” on a peripheral blood smear is indicative of what?
Severe liver disease
A “stomatocyte” on a peripheral blood smear could indicate what?
Liver disease or hereditary stomatocytosis
MCV>100, RPI< 2.5, Retic (L/N), & RDW (H)
B12 or Folate Deficiency
MCV>100, RPI<2.5, Retic (L/N), & RDW (N)
Bone marrow failure, myelodysplatic syndrome, hypothyroidism, drug induced (anti-convulsants)
MCV>100, RPI<2.5, Retic (H), RDW (H)
Active hemolysis w/h brisk reticulocytosis
