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Visceral Disorders > Anemia Worksheet > Flashcards

Anemia Worksheet Flashcards

1
Q

What do you look at on a CBC to decide if there is an anemia

A

RBC
hgb
hct

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2
Q

Not Anemic

A

normal RBC
normal hgb
normal hct

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3
Q

Polycythemia is dependent on

A

erythropoietin - 2 degree

malignancy of bone marrow - 1 degree

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4
Q

Polycythemia

A

high RBC
high hub
high hct

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5
Q

Anemia

A

Low RBC and/or
Low hgb and/or
Low hct

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6
Q

Anemias are classified by

A

cell size and color

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7
Q

Color is a measure of

A

hgb content

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8
Q

How do you determine cell size and color

A

RBC indicies

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9
Q

MCV

A

cell size

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10
Q

MCH

A

color (hgb)

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11
Q

MCHC

A

color (hgb)

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12
Q

Microcytic anemia

A

decreased mcv

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13
Q

normocytic anemia

A

normal mcv

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14
Q

macrocytic anemia

A

increased mcv

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15
Q

hypochromic anemia

A

decreased much (mchc)

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16
Q

normochromic anemia

A

normal mch (mchc)

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17
Q

hyperchromic anemia

A

increased mch (much)

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18
Q

polychromasic is

A

too much color

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19
Q

another name (aka) for hyper chromic anemia

A

polychromasic

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20
Q

MC anemia in the world

A

IDA

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21
Q

MC anemia based on cell size

A

microcytic

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22
Q

MC microcytic anemia

A

IDA

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23
Q

MC etiology of IDA is

A

chronic blood loss

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24
Q

MC cause of CBL is

A

GI tract (chronic blood loss)

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25
Q

Microcytic hypochromic anemias will have

A

decreased RBC and/or
decreased hgb and/or
decreased hct

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26
Q

Types of microcytic hypochromic anemia

A

IDA
CBL
Thalassemia
ACD / ARD (if it’s renal)

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27
Q

CBL is a type of

A

IDA

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28
Q

most common type of microcytic hypo chromic anemia

A

IDA

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29
Q

Microcytic hypochromic anemia has

A

decreased mcv
decreased mch
decreased mchc

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30
Q

DDX of mchc anemias

A

history
nationality
clinical presentation
iron parameters (TIBC, iron, ferritin)

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31
Q

Iron Parameters are

A

TIBC
ferritin
iron

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32
Q

What is the best thing to use to differentiate the mchc anemia

A

TIBC

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33
Q

IDA has (increased, decreased, or normal) TIBC

A

increased

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34
Q

CBL has (increased, decreased, or normal) TIBC

A

increased

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35
Q

ACD has (increased, decreased, or normal) TIBC

A

decreased

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36
Q

Thalassemia has (increased, decreased, or normal) TIBC

A

normal

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37
Q

ARD has (increased, decreased, or normal) TIBC

A

decreased

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38
Q

ARD is

A

renal

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39
Q

ARD is really a specialized

A

ACD

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40
Q

The presence of Reed Sternberg Cells indicates

A

Hodgkin’s Lympoma

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41
Q

Reed Sternberg cells are found in

A

bone marrow or lymph node / need biopsy to discover

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42
Q

Multiple Myeloma is also called

A

Kahlers disease

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43
Q

Malignant proliferation of plasma cells is a sign of

A

multiple myeloma

44
Q

Greater than 50,000 WBC, 5 metas, 5 myelo, 5 pros and 5 blasts is

A

acute myelocytic leukemia

AML

45
Q

Greater than 50,000 WBC, 5 E-metas, 5 E-myelo, 5 E-pros and 5 E-blasts is

A

acute eosinophilic leukemia

AEL

46
Q

Greater than 50,000 WBC, 5 L-blasts is

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

47
Q

Must have what to designate bone marrow cells

A

letter

48
Q

no letters indicates

A

SEGS

49
Q

greater than 50,000 WBC is

A

leukemia

50
Q

30 - 50 WBC is

A

leukemoid or leukemia

51
Q

42 WBC, predominate Segs is

A

neutrophilic leukemoid reaction or CML

52
Q

DDX of neutrophilic leukemia reaction or CML is

A

bone marrow biopsy and

philadelphia chromosome analysis

53
Q

42 WBC, predominate lymphocytes is

A

lymphocytic leukemoid reaction or CLL

54
Q

DDX of lymphocytic leukemoid reaction or CLL

A

bone marrow biopsy or lymph node biopsy

55
Q

neutrophilic leukemoid reactions resemble

A

CML

56
Q

lymphocytic leukemoid reactions resemble CLL

A

x

57
Q

42 WBC, 5 blasts, is

A

AML

58
Q

42 WBC, 5 L-blasts, is

A

ALL

59
Q

presence of blasts and/or pros is

A

acute leukemia

60
Q

absence of blasts and pros is

A

chronic leukemia

61
Q

WBC differential

A

segs, bands, lymphs, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, atypical lymphocytes, metas, myelos, pros, blasts

62
Q

WBC differential count should equal

A

100

63
Q

bone marrow

A

metas, myelos, pros, blasts and stem cells

64
Q

bone marrow cells in peripheral blood is good or bad

A

bad

65
Q

metas, myelos, pros, and blasts listed on a differential belong to the ____ unless they are designated by a letter

A

neutrophils/segs

66
Q

if there is no letter then the bone marrow cell belongs to

A

neutrophils/segs

67
Q

bone marrow cell with a letter belong to the linage of that letter

A

x

68
Q

L-blasts would become

A

lymphocytes

69
Q

L-pros would become

A

lymphocytes

70
Q

B-blasts would become

A

basophils

71
Q

B-metas would become

A

basophils

72
Q

normocytic normochromic anemias will have decreased

A

decreased RBC and/or

decreased Hgb and/or decreased hct

73
Q

normocytic normochromic anemia have normal

A

mcv, mch, mchc

74
Q

normocytic normochromic anemia

A 
hemolytic anemia / sickle cell
acute blood loss (ABL)
aplastic
ACD
ARD
75
Q

DDX of MCHC Anemias

A 
History
Cell morphology
clinical presentation
race
xray for h-shaped vertebra for sickle cell
76
Q

Macrocytic Normochromic / Hyperchromic Anemia have decreased

A

RBC and/or
hgb and/or
hct

77
Q

Macrocytic normochromic / hyperchromic anemias have increased

A

mcv
normal/increased mch
normal /increased mchc

78
Q

macrocytic normochromic has

A

increased mcv

normal mch/mchc

79
Q

macrocytic hyperchromic has

A

increased mcv

increased mch/mchc

80
Q

another name for microcytic hyperchromic is

A

polychromasia

81
Q

macrocytic anemias have increased

A

mcv

82
Q

do you care about the cell color with microcytic anemia

A

no

83
Q

mc anemias have the same list of differentials

A

B12 deficiency *
Folic Acid Deficiency *
Alcoholism
Liver Disease

84
Q

megaloblastic anemias are

A

B12 (50%) and Folic Acid (50%)

85
Q

causes of nonmegaloblastic anemias

A

alcoholism and liver disease

86
Q

MC macrocytic anemia

A

megaloblastic

87
Q

include or exclude the megaloblastic before considering the non-megaloblastic

A

x

88
Q

DDX of the Microcytic Anemia

A

History
Clinical Presentation
Bone Marrow Biopsy
Vitamin Assay (B12, folate bloodwork)

89
Q

If you have a B12 deficiency anemia then it is most likely a lack of

A

Intrinsic Factor (IF)

90
Q

B12 deficiency anemia is also called

A

Pernicious Anemia

91
Q

1/4 patients with pernicious anemia die of

A

stomach cancer

92
Q

Leukemias are classified by

A

acute or chronic

predominant cell or significant cell or major immature cell

93
Q

Normal WBC counts

A

5,000 - 10,000

94
Q

Less than 5,000 WBC is due to

A

virus (leukopenia)

95
Q

10,000 - 18,000 WBC is due to

A

infection / inflammation especially bacterial (could be viral)

96
Q

20,000 - 30,000 with s/s of abdominal complaint most likely due to a

A

“hot abdomen” such as peritonitis, diverticulitis

97
Q

30,000 - 50,000 WBC is most likely due to

A

leukemoid reaction or leukemia

98
Q

If it is a leukemia it is most likely

A

chronic

99
Q

Greater than 50,000 WBC

A

leukemia

100
Q

Segs primarily respond to

A

bacteria

101
Q

bands primarily respond to

A

bacteria

102
Q

lymphcytes primarily respond to

A

viral

103
Q

eosinophils primarily respond to

A

parasites

104
Q

basophils primarily respond to

A

hypersensitivity / allergies

105
Q

monocytes respond to help

A

neutrophils

106
Q

increase in immature cells is called a

A

shift to the left (schilling shift)

Visceral Disorders (1 decks)

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