Anemia Flashcards
4 microcytic anemias
- Iron deficiency
- Anemia of Chronic disease
- Sideroblastic (decrease in protoporphorin ring)
- Thalassemias
Absorption of iron occurs in
duodenum
Iron in blood
bound to transferrin-> bone marrow macrophages and liver
For every three transferrin ___ iron is bound
1
Normal saturation is 33%
Gastrectomy in iron deficiency
acid maintains Fe2 state
Stages of iron deficiency (4)
- Storage iron is depleted (ferritin decrease, TIBC increases)
- serum iron is depleted (Serum iron decrease, % sat of iron decreases)
- normocytic anemia (prefers normal cells but just decrease in the number of made)
- Microcytic, hypochromic anemia
3 clinical features of iron deficiency
- anemia
- koilonchia
- Pica (chewing stuff)
5 lab findings of iron deficiency anemia
- microcytic, hypochromic anemia
- increase RDW
- decrease ferritin
- Increase TIBC
- decrease serum iron, (% saturation)
- Increase free erythrocyte protoporphorin
Plummer-vinson syndrome
Iron deficiency anemia with esophageal web and atrophis glossitis
- anemia
- dysphagia
- beefy red tongue
3 lab findings of anemia of chronic disease
- increased ferritin, decreased TIBC
- decreased serum iron, decreased % saturation
- Increased FEP
Pathway of protoporphyrin synthesis
SCoA-> ALA (ALAS and B6)-> porphobilinogen (ALAD)-> protoporphyrin + Fe-> heme (ferrochelatase)
In protoporphyrin deficiency, iron is trapped where?
Mitochondria
creates ring sideroblast
Congenital sideroblast anemia
defect in ALAS
Alcoholism or lead posoning
affect ALAD and ferrochelatase
Lab findings of sideroblastic anemia
- increased ferritin decreased TIBC
- increased serum iron and % saturation
*** Iron overload state
