Androgens Flashcards
Describe the regulation of testosterone synthesis.
what is the role of LH in testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis?
it controls the production of testosterone by leydig cells
what is the role of FSH in testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis?
it triggers and maintains spermatogensis through sertoli cells
what is the role of 5a-reductase in testosterone action?
blocks the conversion from testosterone to 5a- dihydrotestosterone
what are the physiological effects of testosterone?
- Responsible for many changes in puberty
- growth promoting properties
- stimulation and maintenance of sex function
- stimulation of erythrocyte production
- dec. in HDL
what are the effects of structural modifications in synthetic androgens?
when given orally, testosterone is readily absorbed but inactivated
- 17-alkyl forms are more active
- ester forms have prolonged absorption time and greater IM activity
what are the adverse effects of androgens in men?
- acne
- sleep apnea
- gynecomastia
- azoospermia and testicular atrophy
- inc. agression and psych symptoms
describe the use of a antiandrogen?
- they block the binding of endogenous androgens to the receptor or inhibit activation of the receptors
- there are steroids and non-steroids
What are the steroid antiandrogens?
- cyproterone acetate
- spironolactone
What synthetic hormone is this and route?
methyltestosterone; oral
What synthetic hormone is this and route?
testosterone enanthate; IM
What synthetic hormone is this and route?
testosterone cypionate; IM
what are the adverse effects of androgens in women?
- acne
- hirsutism
- amenorrhea
- clit enlargement
- deepening of voice
what are growth promoting properties for testosterones physiological effects?
- penile & scrotal growth
- change in the skin
- pubic, axillary, and beard hair
- deepening of the voice
- skeletal growth followed by epiphyseal closure
- increase in body mass
what are non-steroidal antiandrogens?
- flutamide
- enzalutamide
