Andrade(Doodling) Flashcards
What is the aim of this study?
To investigate whether doodling assists information processing, perhaps by enabling people to attend more effectively or by enhancing their memory
How does Andrade define doodling?
As the sketching of patterns and figures that are unrelated to the primary task.
What was the method of the experiment?
A laboratory experiment
Due to the design what couldn’t participants do?
Respond to telephone messages
What was the design of this experiment?
The design was independent measures, participants were either in the control group or in the doodling group
What was the sample of this study?
40 people of the general population aged 18-55 years
How was the sample compensated?
paid a small sum for participation
What was the independent variable?
Doodling
What was the dependent variable?
Recall
What were each half of the participants asked to recall?
One half were asked to recall the names of party goers then the places mentioned, while the others were asked to recall the places first then the names
What would the participants listen to?
A dull telephone message
During the previously mentioned tasks what would the participants be doing?
They would either be doodling or not doodling
What was the monitoring task?
When participants were told beforehand they would be tested on the names of people who were attending the party;
What was the recall test?
When participants had an unexpected test on the names of places mentioned
How long did the telephone message/call last?
2.5 minutes
How was the telephone message/call recorded?
In a monotonous voice at an average speed of 227 words per minute
The telephone call had names of 8 people who would be what?
Attending the party
Who and how many couldn’t attend the party?
3 named people and a cat
How many places were mentioned in the telephone call?
8
How many places were mentioned in the telephone call?
8
What else was mentioned in the telephone call?
Irrelevant details
The A4 sheet of paper given to the participants in the doodling condition had what and how many?
It had alternating rows of squares and circles, ten per row
The A4 sheet of paper also had what?
A wide margin on the left for recording the target
information.
The participants in the doodling condition were given a pencil and asked to do what?
Shade in the squares and circles while listening to the tape
The participants in the doodling condition were told what about their doodling?
“It doesn’t matter how neatly or how quickly
you do this, it is just something to help relieve the boredom”
The participants in the control group were given what?
A blank sheet of lined paper
What was the mean and range number of shaded shapes on the printed sheet in the control condition?
Mean of 36.3 and range of 3-110
Did participants in the control condition doodle?
No
What was the mean of participants in the control group correctly recalling the 8 party goers names?
7.1
In the control condition how many people made a false alarm in recalling the party goers?
5
What was the mean of participants in the doodling condition correctly recalling the 8 party goers names?
7.8
In the doodling condition how many people made a false alarm in recalling the party goers?
1
What was the overall mean of the doodling condition recalling the names and places?
7.5
Compared to the control condition the mean of the doodling condition was how much better?
29%
What was the overall mean of the control condition recalling the names and places?
5.8
Main conclusion of this study?
Doodling helps concentration on a primary task as the doodling participants performed better than participants just listening to the primary task with no concurrent task
The method and design of this study made it a strength in what way?
Made it possible to control extraneous variables, it also became valid as the only correlations that could be made were based off the variables
How is this study reliable?
The participants were similarly bored
The operalization of doodling being standardized made the study more what?
Valid
The amount of shapes being shaded differing between participants meant what for the study(weakness)?
There was a risk of participant variables confounding the results
The participants of this study were all members of a recruitment panel, how is this a weakness?
They are similar and therefore the validity and representation decrease
Participants suspecting a memory test may be a weakness in what way?
They may show demand characteristics
