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Molecular Exam 2 > Andersen lecture > Flashcards

Andersen lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 calcium dependent CAMS

A

selectin and cadherin

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2
Q

What are the 2 calcium independent CAMS

A

interns and immunoglobulin superfamily molecules

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3
Q

Describe the adherens junction in terms of…

  1. transmembrane protein
  2. extracellular ligand
  3. intracellular cytoskeletal attachment
  4. intracellular anchor protein
A
  1. cadherin (classical)
  2. ligand- cadherin in the neighboring cell
  3. attachment- actin filaments
  4. alpha and beta catenin, plakyglobin
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4
Q

Describe the desmosome in terms of…

  1. transmembrane protein
  2. extracellular ligand
  3. intracellular cytoskeletal attachment
  4. intracellular anchor protein
A
  1. cadherin (non-classical)
  2. desmoglein and desmocollin in the neighboring cell
  3. intermediate filaments
  4. plakoglobin
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5
Q

Describe the actin-linked-cell matrix adhesion in terms of…

  1. transmembrane protein
  2. extracellular ligand
  3. intracellular cytoskeletal attachment
  4. intracellular anchor protein
A
  1. integrin
  2. ECM proteins
  3. actin
  4. tallin, alpha actin, etc
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6
Q

Describe the hemidesmosome in terms of…

  1. transmembrane protein
  2. extracellular ligand
  3. intracellular cytoskeletal attachment
  4. intracellular anchor protein
A
  1. integrin and type XVII collagen
  2. ECM proteins
  3. intermediate filaments
  4. pectin, dystonin
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7
Q

What are the stable junctions of cadherins?

A

occludens and desmosomes

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8
Q

What are the stable junctions of integrins?

A

hemidesmosomes

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9
Q

What are the classical cadherins?

A

E N and P
epithelial
nerve
placenta

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10
Q

What are the nonclassical cadherins?

A

desmocollins and desmogleins

found in desmosomes

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11
Q

What are the differences between the intra and extracellular portions of the cadherins?

A

extracellular has multiple copies of the cadherin domain motif
intracellular proteins are varied and they can interact with a number of the components

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12
Q

What type of binding is usually found between cadherins? homophilic or heterophilic?

A

homophilic

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13
Q

On what terminus dies the homophilic binding occur?

A

N terminus

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14
Q

What happens to the extracellular domain of the cadherin when calcium binds to the sites near the hinge?

A

It straightens all of the molecules out

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15
Q

What happens when the calcium is removed from the “hinge” region of the molecule

A

It becomes floppy and they are usually degraded from there

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16
Q

What makes the cadherin molecular bonds relatively strong?

A

It is a series of weak interactions that come together to form a type of “velcro”

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17
Q

Define sorting out in relation to the cadherin mediated adhesion

A

enables cells that are similar to bind to each other and not to molecules that are different from them

18
Q

Describe the process of a cell altering its adhesive properties to form different cell types?

A

some cells change properties and disengage from the surface of the epithelium to form the neural crest
cells migrate away and they form different cells throughout the body

19
Q

What is the function of a catenin?

A

cadherins to the actin of the neighboring cells

20
Q

What are e cadherins?

A

epithelial cadherins; HVA binding face

21
Q

What do selectins bind to?

A

carbohydrates look for the binding site at the CRD

22
Q

What cellular process do the selectins aid with?

A

movement of leukocytes

23
Q

What are the 3 classes of selectins?

A

E- endothelial cells
L- leukocytes
P- platelets

24
Q

Define integrins

A

glycoproteins that are involved in the ECM interactions (fibronectin and laminin)
2 subunits: alpha and beta

25
Q

Ig superfamily NCAM

A

neural adhesion molecules

mediate homophilic and heterophilic interactions

26
Q

Ig superfamily ICAM 1

A

facilitates trans endothelial migration of leukocytes

27
Q

define adherins and state where they are found on the surfaces of the cells

A

anchor cells tighter and maintain the physical integrity of the cells
basolateral surfaces

28
Q

Define occludens

A

create an impermeable barrier and prevent paracellular transport

29
Q

Define gap junctions

A

junctional complex that has molecular pores that enable rapid exchange of molecules

30
Q

Define zonula

A

travel all the way around the circumference of the cell; associated with the intracellular actin

can be adherents and the occludens variety

31
Q

Define macula

A

spot like junction that are usually found in desmosomes and hemidesmosomes

32
Q

What surface are the desmosomes found on?

A

lateral domain

33
Q

What surface are the hemidesmosomes found on?

A

basal domain

34
Q

What molecules are found adjacent to the adherens “adhesion belt”?

A

actin filaments

35
Q

Define desmosome

A

connects the intermediate filaments in one cell to those in the next
mechanical strength
button like spots

36
Q

What is the structure of a desmosome?

A

cytoplasmic surface- dense plaque composed of anchor proteins
keratin filaments on the plaques
cadherins bind to the plaques and hold everything together

37
Q

Define hemidesmosomes

A

anchoring junctions that anchor the basal domain to the basal lamina

38
Q

What is the structure of a hemidesmosome?

A

cytoplasmic plate with the intermediate filaments like keratin
plaque linking to the basal lamina

39
Q

define tight junction

A

seals everything off

is important in the small intestine and the glucose transport

40
Q

What are the 2 main tight junction proteins?

A

claudin and occludin

claudin is the main guy

Molecular Exam 2 (13 decks)

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