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Medical Terminology vocabulary > And More > Flashcards

And More Flashcards

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Vocab Builder flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Adenoma

A

A benign tumor that arises in or resemble grandular tissue

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2
Q

Colostomy

A

The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

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3
Q

Epithelium

A

Specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes

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4
Q

Endothelium

A

Specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands and organs

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5
Q

Transverse plane (horizontal plane)

A

Horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

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6
Q

Horizontal plane (transverse plane)

A

A flat crosswise plane

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7
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

Frontal plane

A

Vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions

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9
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

Progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement

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10
Q

Phenylketonuria

A

Rare genetic disorder essential digestive enzyme phenyalankne hydroxylase is missing

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11
Q

Helix

A

A shape twisted like a spiral staircase

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12
Q

Gamete

A

Sex cell

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13
Q

Somatic

A

Body in general

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14
Q

Somatic cell

A

Any cell in the body except sex cells

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15
Q

Chromosome

A

Genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell

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16
Q

Genome

A

Complete set of genetic information of an organism

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17
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

A group of inherited red blood cell disorders that are transmitted by a recessive gene

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18
Q

Recessive gene

A

Inherited from both parents the offspring will have that condition

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19
Q

Dominant gene

A

Inherited from either parent the offspring will inherit that genetic condition or characteristic

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20
Q

Genetics

A

A specialist in genetics

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21
Q

Genetics

A

Study of how genes are transferred from parents to their children and the role of genes in health and disease

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22
Q

Gene

A

Fundamental physical and functional unit of hereditary

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23
Q

Nic

A

Pertaining to

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24
Q

Embryo

A

Fertilized ovum

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25
Q

Embryonic stem cells

A

Undifferential cells that are unlike any specific adult cell

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26
Q

Sinistro

A

Left side

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27
Q

Graft-versus host disease

A

Possibility of rejection

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28
Q

Hemopoietic

A

Blood forming

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29
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

The inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

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30
Q

Mesentery

A

A fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

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31
Q

Parietal

A

Cavity wall

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32
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall

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33
Q

Right and left hypochondriac region

A

Covered by the lower ribs

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34
Q

Right and left lumbar regions

A

Located near the inward curve of the spine

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35
Q

Nerve tissue

A

Contains cells with the specialized ability to react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses

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36
Q

Plasia

A

Formation

37
Q

Epigastric region

A

Above the stomach

38
Q

Hypoplasia

A

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

39
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum

40
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Located behind the peritoneum

41
Q

Visceral

A

Relating to the internal organs

42
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

Inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

43
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Surrounds organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels

44
Q

Tissue

A

A group or layer of similarly specials cells that join together to perform certain specific functions

45
Q

Parietal

A

Cavity wall

46
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall

47
Q

Dense connective tissues

A

Bone and cartilage, form the joints and framework of the body

48
Q

Membrane

A

The layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ

49
Q

Peritoneum

A

Multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

50
Q

Connective tissues

A

Support and connect organs and other body tissues

51
Q

Quadrant

A

Divides into four

52
Q

Hypogastric region

A

Below the stomach

53
Q

Right and left iliac region

A

Located near the hip bones

54
Q

Umbilicus

A

Belly button or naval marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth

55
Q

Liquid connective tissues

A

Are blood and lymph, transport nutrients and waste products throughout the body

56
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Contains cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax

57
Q

Umbilical region

A

Surrounds the umbilicus

58
Q

Body cavities

A

Spaces within the body that contain and protect internal organs

59
Q

Bilateral

A

Relating to, r having two sides

60
Q

Lateral

A

Means the direction toward, or nearer the side of the body away from the midline

61
Q

Medial

A

Means the direction toward, or nearer, the midline

62
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Provides protective padding, insulation and support

63
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the lower part of the body

64
Q

Al

A

Pertaining to

65
Q

Proximal

A

Situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

66
Q

Distal

A

Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure

67
Q

Geriatric/gerontology

A

Study of the medical problems and care of elders

68
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease producing microorganism such as a virus

69
Q

Anter

A

Front or before

70
Q

Etiology

A

Study of the causes of disease

71
Q

Ostomy

A

The surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

72
Q

Epidemic

A

Sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

73
Q

Endemic

A

Ongoing present of a disease within a population, group, or area

74
Q

IE

A

Pertaining to

75
Q

Cephal

A

Head

76
Q

Cephalic

A

Toward the head

77
Q

Inferior

A

Toward the feet

78
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head

79
Q

Poster

A

Back

80
Q

Anterior

A

Situation in the front

81
Q

Athero

A

Plaque or fatty substance

82
Q

Polio

A

Gray

83
Q

Melanosis

A

Any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs

84
Q

Functional disorder

A

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified

85
Q

Pandemic

A

Refers to an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area

86
Q

Epidemiologist

A

Specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group

87
Q

Lithotomy

A

Surgical incision for the removal of a stone

88
Q

Atresia

A

The congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular

Medical Terminology vocabulary (4 decks)

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