Ancient Times Flashcards
It is located on the southernmost tip of Mesopotamia and is now called Iraq
Sumeria
One of the major contributions of the Sumerians is the development of the first writing system
Cuneiform (Sumerian)
- considered to be the first true city in the world
- the Sumerians were able to build the city using only mud clay or clay from the river, which they mixed with reeds, producing sun-baked bricks
Uruk City (Sumerian)
- also called the Mountain of God
- served as the sacred place of their chief God, only their priests were allowed to enter
The Great Ziggurat of Ur (Sumerian)
- to bring water to farmlands and at the same time control flooding of rivers
- this method was considered as one of the world’s most beneficial engineering works
Dikes and Irrigation Canals (Sumerian)
-were essential in transportation and trading as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology
Sailboats (Sumerian)
-was not made for transportation but for farm work and food processes
Wheel (Sumerian)
Was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace
The Plow (Sumerian)
They developed the first roads
Sumerians (Roads)
Sumerian Civilization was dated?
4500-1900 BCE
Babylonian Civilization was dated?
1895-539 BCE
It is located in Central Southern Mesopotamia emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Babylonia
One of the seven wonders of the ancient world. King Nebuchadnezzar II built this for his wife, Queen Amytis
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Is the conventional title given to Babylonian compendium that deals with many diverse aspects of Babylonian astronomy and astrology
MUL.APIN
Oldest map found
Imago Mundi (Babylonian)
Egyptian Civilization is dated?
3150-500 BCE
It is located in North Africa
Egypt
It is the greatest contribution of Egypt
Pyramid
It is a process in which the skin and flesh of a corpse can be preserved
Mummification(Egyptian)
Colorless salt that was used by ancient Egyptians for food preservation, cleansing products and glassmaking. Also used in mummification process.
Natron (Egyptian)
Best known as the source of ancient paper
Papyrus Cyperus
Was a plant that grew abundantly along the Nile River in Egypt
Papyrus
It is by combining soot with different chemicals to produce inks of different colors
Ink (Egyptian)
A system of writing using symbols.
- it is believed that this writing system was provided to them by their Gods
- this form of writing can still be seen today
- Holy-writing
- Sacred carving
Hieroglyphics (Egyptians)
It was for both health and aesthetic reasons
Cosmetics (Egyptian)
It is worn around the eyes to prevent and cure diseases. It is created by mixing soot or malachite with mineral galena
Kohl (Egyptian)
Perfume
Kyphi (Egyptian)
Worm for health and wellness rather than for aesthetic purposes
Wig (Egyptian)
This device utilizes gravity that affects the flow of water from one vessel to another
Water Clock/ Clepsydra (Egyptian)
Found in the tomb of Pharaoh Amenhotep I
A kind of clock that is observed from the sun through the shadow stick
Sundial / Shadow Clock (Egyptian)
Greek Civilization was dated
13th BCE - 600 CE
It is located in the southern part of Europe
Greece
Used large complicated mechanisms to time the alarm
-four water vessels lined up vertically by Plato
Alarm Clock (Greek)
Commonly used in agricultural processes like milling of grains which was a necessary form of food during that time
Watermills (Greek)
Roman Civilization was dated
753 BCE -476 CE
It is the strongest political and social entity in the west. It is the cradle of politics and governance.
Roman Empire
First newspapers which contained announcements of the Roman Empire to the people
Gazettes
Record-keeping was much easier since paper did not easily break, was lightweight and did not occupy much space.
-The earlier covers were made of wax but were later on replaced by animal skin
Bound books or codex (Roman)
Was considered a continuation of Greek Architecture.
-they were able to implement major projects such as large churches (cathedrals and basilica), aqueducts, coliseums, amphitheaters.
Roman Architecture
Number system
Roman Numerals
Middle Kingdom, which was located in the far east of Asia
China
- naturally produced by ____ worms
- its production resulted in the creation of a product for trade
Silk (China)
- a beverage produced by pouring hot or boiling water over crushed or shredded dried tea leaves
- the plant is “Camellia Sinensis”
- Shennong (a farmer devoted his life looking for plant species)
- one of the most popular beverages in the world today
Tea (Chinese)
- considered the only man-made structure that could be seen from outer space
- it is said to be the largest and most extensive infrastructure that the nation built
- was built by the order of “Emperor Qin Shi Huang”
- was constructed to keep out foreign invaders and control the borders of China
Great Wall of China
It was developed by alchemists who aimed to achieve immortality. They mixed charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate.
Gunpowder (Chinese)
In AD 132, Zhang Heng of Han Dynasty invented the first seismometer/seismograph, which was called _______.
Houfeng Didong Yi
It is a technique for printing text, images or pattern used widely throughout East Asia. It is from Han Dynasty before AD 220.
Woodblock Printing (Chinese)
