Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Philosophy Yr 1 > Ancient Philosophical Influences > Flashcards

Ancient Philosophical Influences Flashcards

1
Q

what did plato notice about the physical world?

A

always changing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

because plato thought the physical world was always changing, what did this mean he thought couldn’t be achieved?

A

true and accurate knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is behind every concept and what is this called?

A

FORM = unseen reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are forms a source of?

A

knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F forms actually exist, according to Plato

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does every human have according to Plato and what did it have access to?

A

immortal soul that had access to ROTF before it was implanted in body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

was plato a rationalist?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

was plato a dualist?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is rationalism?

A

the theory that reason rather than experience is the foundation of certainty in knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is dualism?

A

there are two kinds of reality: material (physical) and immaterial (spiritual)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do we have inbuilt knowledge according to P?

A

access to ROTF through immortal soul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how can we develop our inbuilt knowledge?

A

through rational thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why did plato think that we had inbuilt knowledge/immortal soul/ROTF?

A

he was a dualist + rationalist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how are all the forms connected?

A

hierarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the most important aspect of the hierarchy of the forms?

A

form of the good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is FOTG central to?

A

existence of whole universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

give two eg of what would we have no knowledge on w/o the FOTG

A
  • beauty

- justice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what name did Plato give to ‘God’?

A

Demiurge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how did the Demiurge make the world?

A

fashioned it out of material that was already there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does the Demiurge desire for humanity?

A

the best

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what can the Demiurge be measured against?

A

it’s a being that can be measured against eternal standards of the Forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

who made the analogy of the cave?

A

plato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

who was the dialogue between in the AOTC?

A

Socrates and Glaucon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what type of people were chained in the AOTC?

A

prisoners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what was the only source of light in the AOTC?

A

fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where was the fire in the AOTC?

A

behind them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what reflected off the cave wall in the AOTC?

A

light from fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what were people doing along the low wall?

A

people were going along carrying a variety of different objects

29
Q

how many prisoners got freed?

A

one

30
Q

what does the chain represent in AOTC?

A

limitation to knowledge, free will and truth - what philosophers access

31
Q

what represents anyone who doesn’t understand truth/influences in the AOTC?

A

puppet master

32
Q

what does the cave represent in the AOTC?

A

R.O.Appearances

33
Q

what represents the FOTG?

A

sun

34
Q

who do the prisoners represent?

A

basic humans

35
Q

what represents the objects held up?

A

imperfect forms

36
Q

what do the shadow represent?

A

what humans perceive in ROA

37
Q

who is used to represent the philosopher?

A

escaped prisoner

38
Q

what represents the world outside cave?

A

ROTF

39
Q

what does the fire represent?

A

Sun in ROA

40
Q

S - what does Plato’s theory of the forms help explain?

A

why we can all recognise same essential elements in something

41
Q

S - what does plato’s theory of the forms help us to understand?

A

why there are imperfections in the world

42
Q

S - what does plato’s theory of the forms encourage us to do?

A

question things in order to learn, rather than just accepting at face value

43
Q

W - what is Richard Dawkin’s criticism of Plato’s TOTF?

A

nonsense to talk of transcendent ‘other realm’ beyond physical - people have been been relying on senses for survival for yrs

44
Q

W - Aristotle’s criticism of P’s TOTF?

A

accepts that there are some ideal concepts eg infinity but its harder to accept there might be ideal forms of negative things

45
Q

W - explain the argument about subjectivity regarding TOTF?

A

opinions of these concepts are subjective - won’t always come to same conclusion

46
Q

W - what does infinite regress mean?

A

going backwards again and again - this would happen to the forms

47
Q

W - what type of evidence does the TOTF lack, why is this an issue?

A

empirical - can’t prove existence of ROTF

48
Q

W - what direct connection is unclear in TOTF?

A

ROTF to ROTA

49
Q

W - what approach has Plato been accused of adopting?

A

elitist - only to those who are intellectually gifted

50
Q

who was plato’s student?

A

aristotle

51
Q

T/F Aristotle was a materialist

A

True

52
Q

how did A believe the world was accessible?

A

through senses

53
Q

did A believe there was more than one world?

A

no

54
Q

what did A believe there was nothing to gain from?

A

dualist approach

55
Q

what did A believe could not have any real existence by themselves?

A

ideas

56
Q

what do ideas have to relate to according to Aristotle?

A

something in physical world

57
Q

name 4 sciences that A was the founder of

A

physics, biology, psychology, astronomy

58
Q

list 4 aetiological questions A explored?

A
  • why are things the way they are?
  • what caused them?
  • what is the ‘essence’?
  • why does it exist in the world?
59
Q

what is the term that A used to mean cause?

A

aetion

60
Q

what did A recognise when exploring the aetiological questions?

A

something can have several different explanations for its existence, on different levels

61
Q

How many causes did A make?

A

4

62
Q

What is the material cause?

A

explains what something is made from; although solely doesn’t provide a explanation - investigating object’s material helps us understand important aspects of it

63
Q

what is the material cause of a desk?

A

wood

64
Q

what cause refers to the shape/form which allows it to be identified?

A

Formal

65
Q

what is the efficient cause?

A

activity that makes something happen

66
Q

what cause refers to the purpose/telos of something existing?

A

Final

67
Q

what is the most important cause for A?

A

Final

68
Q

what idea was of great significance to Thomas Aquinas? (4 causes)

A

Final cause

69
Q

List 4 causes in order (A)

A

1 - Material
2 - formal
3 - efficient
4 - final

Philosophy Yr 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions