ancient philosophical influences Flashcards
what are forms
a name plato gave to ideal concepts
what is reason
using logical steps and thought processes in order to reach conclusions
what is a rationalist
someone who thinks the primary source of knowledge is reason
what is an empiricist
someone who thinks the primary source of knowledge is experience gained through the senses
what is the prime mover
aristotle’s concept of the ultimate cause of movement and change in the universe
what is the socratic method
the method of philosophical reasoning which involves critical questioning
what is an analogy
a comparison between one thing and another in an attempt to clarify meaning
what does transcendent mean
being beyond this world and outside the realms of ordinary experience
what is dualism
the belief that reality can be divided into two distinct parts, such as good and evil or physical and non-physical
define telos
the end, or purpose, of something
what is a theist
someone who believes in god or gods
name a rationalist
plato
name an empiricist
aristotle
how did plato come to the idea of the world of the forms
the world is constantly changing -> therefore can’t be the object of true knowledge -> must be another world where things are eternal and unchanging that is beyond this one -> this is the world of the forms§
what culture’s thinking were early christians heavily influenced by
greek
