Ancient India Study Guide

Question 1

Mohenjodaro

Answer 1

one of the first major settlements in ancient India that became a center of the Indus River valley civilization

Question 2

Indus River valley civilization

Answer 2

an early civilization, known for its advanced culture, that developed in the Indus River valley in India

Question 3

citadel

Answer 3

a fortress built to protect a city

Question 4

Hinduism

Answer 4

a religion that developed in India over thousands of years and spread across the world; most Hindus believe in one Supreme Being that can take many forms

Question 5

caste

Answer 5

a class, or group, in Indian society

Question 6

Dharma

Answer 6

a belief found in Hinduism and other Indian traditions that a person has a duty or obligation to live an honorable life

Question 7

karma

Answer 7

a concept found in Hinduism and other Indian traditions about how the good and evil done in a past life determines what happens to one’s soul in the next life

Question 8

Buddhism

Answer 8

the religion founded by Siddhartha, which teaches that life brings suff ering that one can escape by seeking nirvana through enlightenment

Question 9

ascetic

Answer 9

a person who gives up worldly pleasures

Question 10

enlightenment

Answer 10

the state of gaining spiritual insight and finding universal truth; the goal of Buddhists