Ancient Histoy Sudy Tool Flashcards
Day 1:Describe the State of Europe post-Roman collapse
They had no government, hospitals, running water, police, stores, and food services. Need to rebuild police stations, hospitals, schools, government, and streets. Lost the army, hospitals, and government.
Describe The Franks
Germanic group in Gaul. United by King Clovis 1. Converted to catholicism and aligned with the church. Founded the Merovingian dynasty which ruled the Franks for 200 years. Most important tribe.
Describe The creation of the Holy Roman Empire
Charlemagne united it (a Frank)Christian empire and powerful Charlemagne was crowned as the Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD.
Describe Charles Martel
Known as Charles the Hammer. Becomes “Mayor of the Palace” which is named majordomo in 714 CE. Wins battle of Tours in 732 CE- stopping Muslim spread into Europe.
Was Charlemagne a hero or Villain?
He is a villain because he was not afraid to use violence, murdered people who would not convert to Christianity, and cut down the Barabana’s special tree.
Day 2: Describe Europe after Charlemagne
Invasions destroyed the Carolingian empire. The groups that Invaed were Vikings, Mag Yars, and Muslims.
Describe How feudalism created order, prosperity, and opportunity for people in Europe
Created order by having a monarch protect the seats, the Lords gave protection to the monarch, the knights were given land and honor in exchange for serving as soldiers, and Serfs worked the land. Gave them a government. Lords got money from crops.
Day 3: Describe The importance of the Church in medieval Europe
It kept alive Roman traditions. Got rid of bad kings. Guided people’s lives. Provided stability. The Church was rich.
Describe cathedrals, relics, pilgrimages: what are they
Cathedrals were made with thick walls and small windows, so the cathedral could not collapse. Relics were a way to let the church have good popularity, because an object that was connected to the saints. Pilgrimages were people devoted to visiting the holy land.
Describe The impact of having a hierarchy of clergy (Popes, bishops, etc) in Europe: how did this create structure and order in medieval Europe
They helped run the government in different places. This led to structure and order in medieval Europe.
Day 4: Contributed to the decline of Feudalism King Henry II’s Legal Reforms
It discarded the power of the lords. It also gave a voice to the common people.
Contributed to the decline of feudalism King Edward I’s Model Parliament
Gave a voice to common people.
Contributed to the decline of the Magna Carta, the Black Deathudalism
Limits the power of the king. With not enough serfs feudalism declined.
Contributed to the decline of feudalism during the 100 Years’ War
Gave more people power. Increases In nationalism decrease the power of local government.
Who is Joah of Arc, and why is she important
A French girl who swore that she should hear voices from saints to fight in the 100-year war. Joan loved God so much that she went to go and fight in the 100-year war. with Joan of Arc in the French army, they won. Soon after the war, she was burned at the stack for using witchcraft.
Day 5: What was the Black Death
It started in the Middle Ages in Asia, it was a sickness carried by fleas onto rats and killed millions of people.
How did it spread
The rats were bitten by fleas with the plague bacteria and then the rats went on ships that went to different parts of Europe for trading and from there, it spread from human to human.
How did people attempt to treat it
They put onions, and ointment on infected places. Told them to make a fire so they are not breathe in the bad air. They cut up onions and put them near the sewers to keep the rats out of them. They cut a part of the skin to let out the bad bacteria.
What were its effects on Europe
The feudalism system died and never came back because all the serfs died. Blamed the jews for the sickness because they were not getting sick.
Day 6: Describe the creation of the Byzantine Empire
The Roman Empire gained a lot of people so Diocletian decided to split some into two empires to control the population. The empires were named the Eastern Roman Empire, the second one was named the Byzantine Empire.
Describe The Great Schism
The great schism happened when Charlemagne was crowned. The political Reasons happened by arguing who should rule, or if Charlemagne was the right choice. Split in anger because Charlemagne was crowed.
Describe The differences between Roman Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity
For the Romans, the pope has all the power, but in the Eastern Orthodox, the priest and group of people have the power. Latin was spoked in the Western and greek in the Byzantine Empire.
What is Just War Theory
The theory describes when war is morally okay.
Who was Thomas Aquinas
An important philosopher and theologian. He made rules to tell people that war is sinful.
