ancient greece u5 Flashcards
What were the ancient Greek city-states called?
A Polis.
Name 4 famous Greek city-states.
Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Sparta.
Which gods/goddesses was Athens dedicated to and what was their domain?
Athena, the goddess of wisdom
Which gods/goddesses was Sparta dedicated to and what was their domain?
Ares, the god of war
What were the types of political systems present in the ancient Greek city-states
Democracies, oligarchies, monarchies, and tyrannies
What does it mean when the Greek social structure was ‘stratified’ and what was the main strata?
It means divided into layers. The main strata is the government, male citizens, male children, women, foreigners, and female children, and slaves.
What did boys learn in Ancient Greece
Mathematics, music, and physical training.
What did girls learn? Where did they learn this?
Domestic skills at home, managing the household and raising children.
What were the primary roles of women within households?
Raise and have children and do domestic duties.
Who was the king of the gods
Zeus, the god of the sky
What was the temple in Athens which was for Athena
Parthenon
What is the Socratic method
It is a argumentative method of dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to simulate the mind.
What did Plato found
The Academy, which explores topics like virtue, knowledge, and justice
When and where did the Olympic games originate
776BC in Olympia
What is the phalanx
A packed formation used in battles, armed with shields and swords
What were some goods traded
Olive oil, wine, pottery, and textiles
Describe the cultural impact of Greek colonizations
Contact with new diverse cultures, new languages, customs, and traditions
What is the Peloponnese
A large peninsula connected to the mainland
Who were the leaders of the alliances: 1. Delian league, 2. Peloponnese league
- Athens, 2. Sparta
What is a democracy?
A government system which citizens vote for choices
What’s a tyranny
a nation under a cruel and oppressive government
What’s a monarchy
When the throne is passed on through family or relatives
What’s a oligarchy
When a group of people have control of a country
What happened after the Peloponnesian wars
Macedon rose to power under the leadership of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great
What event marked the Golden Age of Athens
The Greco-Persian Wars
What caused the Peloponnesian wars
The rising tension between city-states as Athens grew in the Golden Ages
What did ancient Athenian culture affect modern Western civilization
Arts, literature, politics, philosophy
What did Xerxes do to Athens in the Greco-Persian war
He sacked and captured the city
Who were the kings of Persia and Sparta?
Persia: Xerxes, Sparta: Leonidas
How many Spartans faced the Persian army in the Battle of Thermopylae
Three hundred Spartans faced the Persians
How many Persians were there the Battle of Thermopylae
One million Persian soldiers
Why Darius the Great decided to invade Greece. (Battle of Marathon)
He wanted to punish Athens and conquer Greece
Where did the Persians land their forces, how far from Athens was it (Battle of Marathon)
They landed at Marathon, 42km from Athens
How many soldiers did Miltiades take with him to the Battle of Marathon
He took 10,000 men and positioned them on top of a hill (Persians had 15,000)
What happened in Pheidippides’ run (Battle of Marathon)
Pheidippides ran 42 km from Marathon to Athens to announce their victory and then died
Who was the founder of the Persian Empire, and who expanded it
Cyrus the Great founded it and Darius the Great expanded it
Who failed to conquer Greece
Xerxes
When was the Greek Phalanx created
Around 700 BCE
What was is a Greek shield, short swords, and the long spear called
Shield: Hoplon, Short swords: Xiphos, Long spears: Doru
What government system did Athens and Sparta used
Athens: Democracy, Sparta: Oligarchy
