Ancient Egypt Terms Flashcards
Canopic jars
Vessels that store the vital organs after mummification
Book of the Dead
Document that contains spells and charms to help secure passage into the afterlife
70 days
How long it took to mummify a corpse
Where the Pharaoh was buried
Valley of the kings
First recorded examples of hieroglyphs date back _____ years
5000 years
What discovery in 1799 finally enabled us to translate Egyptian hieroglyphs
The Rosetta Stone
Who deciphered the translations on the Rosetta Stone?
Jean Champollion
What three languages were written on the Rosetta Stone
Greek, Egyptian, and demotic
What is a Stella
A stone slab used to carve hieroglyphics on before invention of papyrus
How did cartouche get it’s name?
Named by Napoleons soldiers because it looked like the ammunition cartridge in their weapons
What other materials are made from papyrus reeds
Boats, sandals, rope, baskets
How did the Egyptians envision the afterlife
Like everyday life
Ritual done before burial used to awaken the senses in the afterlife
Opening of the mouth ritual
Who was the longest reigning Pharaoh
Ramses II 66 years
What is Natron
Desert salt used to mummify
How did the geography influence the spiritual beliefs?
Living next to the desert made them more aware of their mortality
Why did they mummify the body
Believed they needed their body in the afterlife
Egyptian creation belief
Life rose from a primeval ocean
The pyramid symbolizes
Resurrection
What were amulets used for
Protection
Whose tomb was the only one found intact in the valley of the kings
King Tut
What is an ushubtes?
Flay figures placed in the tombs to symbolize worker of mundane tasks
Social pyramid
Know it—-
What was buried with the dead
Everything you needed in daily life
Who were the only Egyptians taught to read
Scribes, doctors, viziers
Did Egyptians use currency
No, barter systems
Who is Osiris
Ruler of the underworld
Their art style stayed the same for ____ years
3000 years
What were the 5 main characteristic of painting human figures
Rigid stylized figure Torso forward facing Limbs and head in profile Elongated forehead and limbs Eye exaggerated and forward facing
Symbol for life/ eternal existence
Ankh
Symbol for the spiritual ability to perceive and interpret both the seen and unseen in the universe
Eye of Ra
Who is the goddess of truth- judges wether you are allowed into the afterlife
Maat
Symbol that represents royalty
Crook and Flail
Egyptian word for soul
Ka
Cat god of protection
bast
Egyptian god of death with head of jackel
Anubis
Egyptian god of creation
Ra
How could you gain social status
Born into it or sometimes could buy training
3 facts on Egypt architecture
Egyptian pyramids are one of the most architectural achievements in the world
Stone and sun dried bricks were usually used for building material
the pyramids of Egypt used 2,300,000 stones
