Ancient Egypt Flashcards
1
Q
Who was Menes (Narmer)?
A
- first to rule ancient Egypt
- built temple to Ptah, chief god of Memphis
- Founded new capital city, Memphis
- Began first Egyptian dynasty
2
Q
Who was Hatshepsut?
A
- first great woman in history
- dressed as a man
- developed new types of sculptures
- mysteriously disappeared with no trace of her body, shrine, or statues
3
Q
Who was Ramses II?
A
- most important ruler of nineteenth dynasty
- ruled for 67 years and lived into his eighties
- married to more than 90 wives with over 100 children
- one of the most colourful rulers of the ancient world
- challenged the Hittite empire based in Anatolia
4
Q
Who was Tutankhamen?
A
- restored former state of religion
- one of the youngest rulers
- “mummy’s curse”
5
Q
Who was Akhenaton?
A
- turned his back on many old traditions of ancient Egypt
- built new capital city in isolated location
- changed nature of Egyptian religion; declares the people can only worship one god, Aton.
6
Q
Who was Khufu?
A
- commissioned Great Pyramid of Giza
7
Q
Who was Nekhbet?
A
- patron of upper Egypt
- protector of royal children, later all children and expecting mothers
- took the form of a griffon vulture
8
Q
Who was Wadjet?
A
- Appeared as a cobra
- considered the personification of lower Egypt, rather than a distinct goddess
9
Q
Who was Ma’at?
A
- Ancient Egyptian concept of truth, balance, order, harmony, law, morality, and justice
- Personified as a goddess regulating the stars, seasons, and the actions of mortals and the deities
10
Q
Who was Isis?
A
- Portrayed as a woman, wearing a headdress shaped like a throne with an Ankh in her hand
- Patroness of nature and magic
- Friend of slaves, sinners, artisans, and the downtrodden
11
Q
Who was Osiris?
A
- first son of Geb and Nut
- considered the king of the underworld and the dead
12
Q
Who was Amen?
A
- self-created
- champion of the poor or troubled and central to personal piety
- king of the gods
13
Q
What was mummification?
A
The preparation of preserving a body for the afterlife.
14
Q
What were canopic jars?
A
Used in mummification to store organs for the afterlife of the owner.
15
Q
What were pyramids?
A
Square - based pyramid tombs made out of stone, built as a home for whoever was being buried for the afterlife.
