ancient egypt Flashcards
What are the Egyptian Seasons?
Ahket
proyet
shomu
What occurred during ahket
The Nile River is flooded causing farmers to construct government buildings, temples & pyramids.
When did Ahket occur?
June-October
What occurred in Proyet?
Proyet was the season where farmers grew crops. They use various tools to began growing and taking care of crops.
When did Proyet occur?
November- February
What occurred Shomu?
Shomu is the season crops are harvested. They were picked, ready to be eaten or stored.
When did Shomu occur?
March-may
What is the God of the Nile River and what was he known for?
Hapi. He was the God of flooding and inundation. People worshipped him and prayed for a successful flood.
What are the other 2 Gods of the Nile and what are they known for?
Khnum and Satet are the other Gods of the Nile. They are responsible for guarding the source of the Nile. They ensure enough silt material made its way onto the banks of the river.
What does history show about the respect people have about the Gods?
Archaeological exaction show how much respect people have for the gods. There is one excavation with Ramses II offering Wine to Khnum.
What served as natural barriers to protect Egyptians for invaders?
Natural cataracts
What are cataracts?
They were sections of dangerously shallow water containing large rocks.
How did this protect Egyptians for invaders?
the large rocks served obstacles. This caused the river to move faster in these areas, kind of like rapids. The boats had to be dragged through this area which meant it slowed down invaders.
Why was trading a vital part of Nile River?
It enabled Ancient Egypt to thrive. Without it Egypt would have struggled to establish trade networks with neighboring empires.
Why was transport and trade occurring along the Nile River?
The Nile was the main trading route. Egypt had many stretches of desert, which made it difficult to travel on land.
What ship was used to transport various goods?
Merchant boats and even larger barges to and from markets.
Why was the Nile used as a form of transportation?
Roads have not been invented yet and the Sahara desert was extremely hot, so the Nile was the easiest form of transportation.
What was being transported?
Wealthy people and pharaohs used large boats to travel up and down the river. Dead bodies were also carried to their final resting places.
Farming wise, what did farming look like along the Nile river?
The nile was an ideal location for farming. During Proyet, farmers used to grow various crops such as papyrus (used to build different things) along the Nile River) . The flooding each year, provided fertile soil which was perfect for farming an abundant amount of crops along the banks.
What fertilized the crops?
Silts made its way onto the banks of the river. They fertilized the crops.
How was water used to irrigate the crops?
canals and reservoirs were built which enabled them to redirect and store water.
They could use it later to irrigate crops.
What other sources of food were found along the Nile?
Fish, shellfish, ducks and turtles.
When did flooding of Nile river occur?
It occurred every year from june to october. The heavy monsoon causes Nile to swell in summer.
Why was the flooding of Nile River essential.
It enabled farmers to grow crops as later it provides fertile soil for farming and silts as a fertilizer (when it washes in). If there wasn’t a flood, there wouldn’t be a sufficient amount of food for the whole population, not to mention water as well. Without the flood, other activities that commence along the Nile wouldn’t happen like transport and trade. It is also prominent to consider economic stability.
What is the black land
The black land was where most people lived as it had just the right living conditions. It was along the Nile river and some parts where elsewhere in the Sahara. the black land was where the fertile soil is.
What is the red land?
The red land has very hot weather conditions as it is near the desert. It is also a deserted place as it is very difficult to live there. This land also provided protection from invaders.
Where were the pyramids located and what were they called?
The pyramids of Giza ( three of them) and the Bent pyramid. All of these were located in Giza.
What were the temples and where were they located?
Abydos temple ( near Giza), valley of the Kings and temple of Hatshepsut, Temple of Ramses III and temple of Ramses II, Temple of horus, temple of Philae (philae), temple of luxor (luxor).
Why were the pyramids and temples built there?
The temples and pyramids were constructed near the Nile river as most materials required to build them, for e.g limestone, were found near the nile river and local quarries. Other materials like granite, had to be transported from other various places like Aswan, along the Nile river. It would be far too difficult to drag these materials along the hot desert, so for convenience and efficiency they were built somewhat close to the Nile river.
