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Visual Arts > Ancient Egypt > Flashcards

Ancient Egypt Flashcards

1
Q

Pharaoh

A

The name for an ancient Egyptian king, otherwise known as the son of the gods.

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2
Q

Afterlife

A

Where ancient Egyptians hoped to go when they died.

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3
Q

Mummification

A

The process for embalming a dead body.

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4
Q

Sphinx

A

Any ancient Egyptian statue or figure having typically the body of a lion and the head of a man, ram or hawk.

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5
Q

Obelisk

A

A four-sided stone pillar that tapers to a pyramidal shape at the top, often inscribed with hieroglyphs honoring a pharaoh.

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6
Q

Cartouche

A

An oval or oblong figure on Egyptian monuments containg the hieroglyphs of the name of a ruler or deity.

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7
Q

Mastaba

A

A low, flat tomb.

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8
Q

Step-Pyramid

A

Made up of stacked mud bricks.

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9
Q

Funerary Temple

A

Temples dedicated to the pharaoh’s favourite gods and goddesses.

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10
Q

Osiris

A

Egyptian god of the dead

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11
Q

Ra

A

Egyptian Sun god

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12
Q

Ka

A

The soul

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13
Q

False Chambers

A

Used to lead robbers astray.

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14
Q

Papyrus

A

Ancient Egyptian writing paper.

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15
Q

Hieroglyphs

A

The oldest form of writing.

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16
Q

Limestone

A

What the pyramids were covered with.

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17
Q

Natron

A

A salty solution used to dry out a dead body.

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18
Q

Dynasty

A

A succession of rulers of the same line of descent who maintain a position for a long time.

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19
Q

Resin

A

Used to preserve the skin of a dead body.

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20
Q

Old Kingdom

A

Age of the Pyramids.

21
Q

True or False? The largest pyramid contains almost 2.3 millino blocks of stone, each weighing about 1.5 tonnes.

A

TRUE

22
Q

True or False? In ancient Egypt, regular people who were not wealthy were simply buried in a hole in the sand.

A

TRUE

23
Q

True or False? Egyptians bury their dead on the East side fo the Nile where the sun sets.

A

FALSE

24
Q

True or False? At first the position of a scribe was only held by sons of Pharaohs.

A

FALSE

25
Q

True or False? The Nile River is one of the three largest rivers in the world.

A

TRUE

26
Q

True or False? King Tut was only 16 years old when he died.

A

FALSE

27
Q

True or False? Ancient Egyptians were mainly farmers and tradesmen.

A

TRUE

28
Q

True or False? Upper Egypt is located beneath Lower Egypt on the map because of the flow of the river.

A

TRUE

29
Q

True or False? Most Pharaohs could read and write because they were wealthy enough to form an education.

A

TRUE

30
Q

True or False? The first pyramid was created for King Zoser.

A

TRUE

31
Q

True or False? King Tutenkhamen was Akenaton’s son.

A

TRUE

32
Q

True or False? Ancient Egyptian society was obsessed with eternal life.

A

TRUE

33
Q

True or False? Wealthy members of the nobility sometimes took their earthly possessions to the tomb with them.

A

TRUE

34
Q

True or False? The Old Kingdom is often viewed as the Age of Mummies.

A

FALSE

35
Q

True or False? A dynasty refers to the male succession in a ruling family.

A

TRUE

36
Q

True or False? A sarcophagus is a stone brick used to build a pyramid.

A

FALSE

37
Q

True or False? An obelisk is a tall four-sided shaft of stone that rises to a pyramidal shape.

A

TRUE

38
Q

True or False? The earliest pyramid was the step-pyramid.

A

TRUE

39
Q

True or False? Pyramids were originally covered in limestone.

A

TRUE

40
Q

True or False? King Tutenkhamen became king at the age of 8 or 9 years old.

A

TRUE

41
Q

What are the rules that ancient Egyptians used when creating tomb paintings?

A

Head must be in profile and the eye must face the viewer. Body must be fit and idealized (strong and broad shoulders with a small waist. The feet must be turned sideways to show movement. There was no foreground, middleground, or background (they instead used registers to show space). Size equalled status. Pharaoh was always the largest (equal only to the gods). The gods were depicted with animal faces. Tomb paintings contained the first still lifes, to feed the Pharaoh for all of eternity.

42
Q

First step of mummification:

A

Remove the body of fluids (incision of the abdomen).

43
Q

Second step of mummification:

A

Remove the body of organs and place them in canopic jars, but leave the heart intact.

44
Q

Third step of mummification:

A

Apply natron, a salty solution, to dry out the body and place sand or linen inside to give the body shape.

45
Q

Fourth step of mummification:

A

Apply resin to the body to preserve youthfulness.

46
Q

Fifth step of mummification:

A

Wrap each individual part of the body (ie. each finger) in linen over a period of 15 days while a priest says prayers.

47
Q

Sixth step of mummification:

A

Place the body into a wooden coffin, and then put it into a decorated sarcophagus.

48
Q

What were the THREE stages of pyramid construction/design?

A

The first stage was the mastaba (a low flat tomb). The second stage was the step-pyramid made of stacked mastabas. Then the true pyramid was made covering the mastabas in limestone.

49
Q

Why is King Tut famous?

A

He became ruler at 8 or 9 and only ruled for 10 years before he died. It was the only ruler’s tomb intact in modern times.

Visual Arts (4 decks)

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