Ancient Chine 2 Flashcards
What is the study of the basic ideas and beliefs of society?
Philosophy
Philosophy examines fundamental concepts such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, and mind.
What is a military leader who controls an area of land called?
Warlord
Warlords often exert significant influence and power over a territory.
What is the belief that the right to rule comes from the gods?
Mandate of Heaven
This concept was used to justify the rule of emperors in ancient China.
What idea emphasizes that children should honor and care for their parents?
Filial Piety
Filial piety is a key virtue in Confucianism, highlighting respect for one’s family.
What is a symbol or picture in a writing system that combines two or more pictographs to express an idea?
Ideographs
Ideographs convey abstract ideas and concepts in writing systems.
What is a symbol or picture in a writing system that represents an object?
Pictographs
Pictographs are early forms of writing that depict objects visually.
Who are the upper class citizens who hold wealth and power?
Aristocrats
Aristocrats typically have significant social and political influence.
What term refers to a person that someone is descended from?
Ancestors
Ancestors play an important role in many cultures, particularly in the context of lineage and heritage.
Which dynasty began the process of building the Great Wall of China?
Qin
The Qin dynasty initiated the construction of the Great Wall to protect against invasions.
How did Han Wudi of the Han dynasty reform the government?
Changing the process behind appointing government officials
Han Wudi implemented merit-based appointments to improve governance.
Duty to one’s family, practice good actions, and government offices open to all people are ideas practiced by what philosophy?
Confucianism
Confucianism emphasizes moral integrity and the importance of family relationships.
Which major trade route spread goods from China to parts of the Middle East, Africa, and Europe?
The Silk Road
The Silk Road facilitated trade and cultural exchange between various civilizations.
Did the Great Wall of China keep the Mongols from invading?
No
The Great Wall was not entirely effective in preventing invasions by the Mongols.
What job was held by the majority of people in China?
Farmers
Agriculture was the backbone of Chinese society and economy.
What needs to be followed in Buddhism to help a person reach Nirvana?
Follow the Eightfold Path
The Eightfold Path outlines practices leading to enlightenment and liberation from suffering.
Did China share the process for making silk with other civilizations?
No
The secret of silk production was closely guarded in ancient China.
Who created Daoism?
A man named Laozi
Laozi is traditionally regarded as the founder of Daoism, emphasizing harmony with the Dao.
What is a state of perfect peace, according to Buddhism?
Nirvana
Nirvana represents the ultimate goal of Buddhism, signifying liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
What philosophy combined the ideas of Daoism and Buddhism and taught that people should be concerned with life after death?
Neo-Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism emerged as a response to Buddhism and Daoism, integrating their concepts.
Who created the philosophy of legalism?
Hanfeizi
Legalism emphasizes strict laws and harsh punishments to maintain social order.
Who was a fierce Mongol leader who invaded China?
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire and is known for his military conquests.
What was invented in the Zhou dynasty that helped soldiers stay securely on their horses when riding into battle?
Stirrups
Stirrups improved cavalry effectiveness and stability during warfare.
