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6th Grady Social Studies > Ancient China Philosophy > Flashcards

Ancient China Philosophy Flashcards

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1
Q

Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism

A

three major philosophies

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2
Q

a way of life that answers questions about the here and the now

A

philosophy

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3
Q

the belief in a supernatural power that answers questions about faith and the unknown

A

religion

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4
Q

ordered government; decay of dynasty; wars, revolts, and chaos; repeat

A

Chinese dynastic cycle

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5
Q

time period of constant fighting between individuals lords and small states; end of Zhou Dynasty in 441-221 B.C.E.

A

Era of Warring States

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6
Q

longest dynasty in Chinese History (1050-400 B.C.E.); people were happy and under control in early reign; later, people lost their loyalty to the dynasty and fighting broke out between states

A

Zhou Dynasty

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7
Q

a philosophy that focuses on morality, family order, respect, and government

A

Confucianism

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8
Q

founder of Confucianism; sought to end fighting by shifting towards rule by moral example; followed the example of the early Zhou leaders; 551-479 B.C.E. (Axial Age)

A

Confucius

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9
Q

books that contain Confucius’s answers to many questions about life, written by his students

A

analects

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10
Q

main concepts of Confucianism for how to properly treat other; people must be taught these concepts

A

Ren and Li

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11
Q

proper actions (polite behavior)

A

Li

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12
Q

proper feelings towards others (connection, compassion, sympathy, empathy)

A

Ren

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13
Q

ruler/subject, father/son, husband/wife, older brother/younger brother, friend/friend - first four relationships were unequal

A

Five basic Relationships of Confucianism

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14
Q

the ultimate respect children must have for their parents

A

filial piety

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15
Q

a superior man who it fit to be a leader; respects and takes responsibility for all subjects and sets a good example; anyone can become one if they learn these traits

A

Chunzi

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16
Q

using respect for the leader and subjects as a long-lasting motivation to follow the laws

A

moral example

17
Q

a story that shows the minimal but significant power of females in ancient China

A

Red Sorghum

18
Q

a philosophy that focuses on finding harmony with nature, the insignificance of humans, and allowing problems to resolve themselves

A

Daoism

19
Q

founder of Daoism whose name means “the Wise Old Man”

A

Laozi

20
Q

“the way”; the force of nature; perfect harmony/balance with nature; can’t be seen or touched but you can see its effects

A

Dao

21
Q

Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature that represents morals, unity, harmony and balance; symbol has no beginning or ending

A

Yin/Yang

22
Q

Daoist idea that if you do nothing, your problems will resolve themselves

A

Wu Wei

23
Q

Daoist idea that if you allow nature to run its course, your problems will be resolved without having to do anything

A

“action through non-action”

24
Q

Daoist idea that if you have nothing, there’s nothing to lose; people should accept low positions to avoid conflict; you can be receptive and weak while also extremely powerful and strong

A

“imitate water and survive”

25
Q

a philosophy that focused on harsh punishments, strict laws, and a central government

A

Legalism

26
Q

political thinkers that developed Legalism; thought a strong central government would end fighting in China

A

Legalists

27
Q

founder of Legalism

A

Li Su

28
Q

founder of Legalism; prime minister to Shi Huangdi

A

Li Su

29
Q

the dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty and employed Legalist ideas in order to control warring states and unify the country; 221-202 B.C.E.

A

Qin Dynasty

30
Q

first ruler of the Qin dynasty whose name means “first emperor”; instituted legalism to centralize China

A

Shi Huangdi

31
Q

built to protect the country from invaders; peasants were forced to build it by Shi Huangdi

A

Great Wall of China

32
Q

concentrating the control of a people under a single power or leader; Shi Huangdi sought to do this by using Legalism

A

centralization

33
Q

a government that holds total control over all the states in a country (Qin Dynasty)

A

central government

34
Q

This philosophy later influenced the religion Buddhism

A

Daoism

35
Q

Philosophy that followed the golden rule

A

Confucism

36
Q

This dynasty restored the teachings of Confucius

A

Han

6th Grady Social Studies (2 decks)

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