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Ancient China Flashcards

1
Q

Main 2 rivers in China

A

Huang He and Chang Jiang

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2
Q

Why is China isolated from other countries?

A

Harsh desserts,oceans,and Himalaya mts

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3
Q

Name two desserts

A

Taklimakan desert and Gobi desert

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4
Q

2 bodies of water surrounding China?

A

Sea of Japan and Yellow Sea

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5
Q

Outer China

A

Mountains,desserts,hard to grow craps

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6
Q

Inner China

A

Vegetation,fertilization and near a lot of water

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7
Q

The first Dynasty

A

Shang Dynasty

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8
Q

What did archeologists find in city of Anyang?

A

Palaces,temples,and houses

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9
Q

why did they believe in human sacrifices?

A

Because they thought the king must continue to be served in the afterlife.

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10
Q

Who led the Shang government?

A

Shang government was led by a powerful king.

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11
Q

What were prisoners of war used for?

A

Prisoners were used for laborers and human sacrifices.

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12
Q

What tool made the army strong?

A

Bronze

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13
Q

What groups made up the social classes in the Shang Dynasty?

A

The king,nobles,artisans,trades,farmers,and slaves.

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14
Q

What was the religion centered on?

A

Ancestor Worship

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15
Q

What are Oracle bones?

A

Kings used Oracle bones to seek advice from there ancestors in matters in when to hunt,where to built cities and weather to go to war.

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16
Q

2 examples of art work during the Shang Dynasty?

A

Jades and taotie

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17
Q

What Dynasty took over the Shang Dynasty?

A

Zhou Dynasty

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18
Q

Define Mandate of Heaven

A

A power or law believed to be granted by the heavens.

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19
Q

Define Feudalism

A

A system of government based on landowners and tenants.

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20
Q

Define The warring states period

A

Small states were fighting, they combined into six or seven large states and fought for power which lasted 250 years.

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21
Q

Define Confucianism

A

A Chinese philosophy that emphasizes proper behavior.

22
Q

What are Analects?

A

A book written by Confucius about proper behavior.

23
Q

What are the main teachings of Confucianism?

A

Peace and order depended upon proper behavior,People higher than your status must lead by example, and those lower in status must obey.

24
Q

What are the main teachings of Daoism?

A

Live simply and in harmony with ways of nature,Harmony can be reached by balancing the Yin and Yang,and the best rulers were those who ruled less.

25
What is another name for Daoism?
Taoism
26
Define Yin and Yang
The opposite forces of nature
27
What are the main teachings of Legalism?
For good behavior you should get a reward and for bad behavior you are going to get punishments, and if you criticize the government you will be banished.
28
Why was Legalism adopted?
Because after the warring period the Qin Dynasty took over and they really liked what Hanfeizi wrote, also wanted to build a strong central government.
29
Who was the first Emperor of China?
Qin Shi Huangdi
30
How did Qin conquer other states?
Qin used military might,spies,bribery, and alliances to conquer other states.
31
What philosophy did Qin believe in?
Legalism
32
How did he divide China into sections?
He divided china into 36 sections which helped him better control and efficent mangement of the vast territory.
33
What is " Standardizing the Culture?"
To make the same.
34
Three ways the culture was standardized
The three ways culture was standardized was laws, the second was money,weights,and measures, the third way was writing.
35
Why was the Great wall built?
The Great Wall was built to keep the northern border safe from invaders.
36
How long did it take to build the Great Wall and what were the work conditions?
Took 10 years,first one was crossed really bad land,second thew weather was bad,last one was would beat up the people that were building it.
37
What did Emperor Qin do to those that believed in Confucianism?
He would burn all the books in Confucianism and would mark them with a tattoo on the face and send to labor.
38
What artifacts were found in Emperor Qin tomb?
The artifacts were bronze weapons,horses,chariots,8,000 warriors,statues/animals for fun.
39
Why did the Han dynasty come to power?
Because the people were unhappy with the harsh legalist rule of the Qin.
40
What was the " Golden age" of China?
A long period of stability and wealth
41
What are 3 achievements in warfare?
The 3 achievements were iron making/sword made out of iron,crossbow, and kites.
42
What are 2 changes in Chinese government?
People directed those who are at the leave below them.The Han based there choices of hires on ability and knowledge,having young men pass long difficult civil service exams.
43
What are 3 achievements and agriculture?
some achievements were the chain pump, iron plows,and wheelbarrow.
44
what are two main industries in China?
silk and salt
45
what major achievements happened in art and how did it affect the people?
before paper was invented they used silk or bamboo stripes, after paper was invented and it was cheaper and easier to bind together into books.
46
what are two achievements in medicine?
They were Acupuncture, and Moxibustion.
47
what are two achievements in science?
Seismograph and Magnetic Compass
48
What was the silk road?
It was a series of trade routes connecting China with Europe
49
How did the silk road promote an exchange of good ideas?
The Chinese traded silk and jade for spices from India and glassware from Rome. Ideas, like Buddhism, entered China along with these exchanges.
50
Why was the Eastern Silk Road dangerous and how did traders overcome its challenges?
because they were several dangers in crossing the Taklimakan desert. like Bandits often attacked travelers on the northern route between Dunhuang and Kucha, and there were a lot of sudden sandstorms.Or Mirages may have lured them off the main path to their deaths.To protect themselves before entering the desert, travelers often formed long caravans of camels.
51
why was the Western Silk Road dangerous and how did Traders overcome its challenges?
Because some of these mountain peaks rose over twenty thousand feet. Travelers often experienced headaches, dizziness, and ringing in the ears caused by a lack of oxygen in the thin air of the high mountains. traders unloaded their animals and hand-carried the goods through the passes.
52
how did the Silk Road change the daily lives of people in ancient times?
The trade between East and West along the Silk Road created cultural diffusion, in which ideas and knowledge as well as goods spread from one culture to another.

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