Ancestry

Question 1

Nasal Bone Contour (African)

Answer 1

Low and rounded (Quonset)

Question 2

Nasal Bone Contour (Asian)

Answer 2

Oval contour with elongation superior-inferiorly, projecting anteriorly from mid-face

Question 3

Nasal Bone Contour (European)

Answer 3

Tented, steep lateral walls, flat superior plateau

Semi triangular vaulted, steep sided lateral walls and narrow superior surface plateau

Steepled, triangular cross section, lacking superior plateau

Question 4

Nasal Aperture Width (European)

Answer 4

Narrow (long)

Question 5

Nasal Aperture Width (Asian)

Answer 5

Medium (rounded)

Question 6

Nasal Aperture Width (African)

Answer 6

Wide

Question 7

Anterior Nasal Spine (African)

Answer 7

Short (rounded), no projection fro the nasal ridge

Question 8

Anterior Nasal Spine (Asian)

Answer 8

Medium (projects to the level of prosthion viewed from the side but does not reach it)

Question 9

Anterior Nasal Spine (European)

Answer 9

Long (sharp)
Terminated beyond prosthion
Usually has a sharp anterior projection

Question 10

Inferior Nasal Margin (African)

Answer 10

Guttered; gradually sloping of nasal floor from posterior to anterior

Incipient guttering (sloping commences more anteriorly, but is less than 1)

Question 11

Inferior Nasal Margin (Asian)

Answer 11

Straight (immediate transition from nasal floor to vertical maxilla)

Question 12

Inferior Nasal Margin (European)

Answer 12

Partial sill (weak but present ridge of vertical bone)

sill pronounce ridge no smooth transition fro nasal floor to maxilla

Question 13

Nasal overgrowth (Eur/Afr)

Answer 13

Absent (border of nasal bones does not project beyond the maxilla

Question 14

Nasal overgrowth (Asian)

Answer 14

Present (border of nasal bones projects beyond the maxilla)

Question 15

Zygomatic Projection (Eur/Afr)

Answer 15

Retreating (zygomata more backwards relative to opening of nasal aperture in the vertical plane)

Question 16

Zygomatic Projection (Asian)

Answer 16

Projecting (zygomata on same vertical plane as opening of nasal aperture)

Question 17

Malar Tubercle (African)

Answer 17

Absent

Question 18

Malar Tubercle (Asian)

Answer 18

Incipient (very small tubercle, 2mm)

Question 19

Malar Tubercle (European)

Answer 19

Trace (medium protrusion 2-4mm)

Question 20

Interorbital Breadth (European)

Answer 20

Narrow relative to face width

Question 21

Interorbital Breadth (Asian)

Answer 21

Intermediate

Question 22

Interorbital Breadth (African)

Answer 22

Wide relative to face width

Question 23

Zygomaxillary Suture (African)

Answer 23

Smooth (lateral projection at inferior end)

Question 24

Zygomaxillary Suture (Asian)

Answer 24

Angled (greatest lateral projection near the midline)

Question 25

Zygomaxillary Suture (European)

Answer 25

S-Shape (zig-zag)

Question 26

Alveolar Prognathism (Eur/Asian)

Answer 26

Orthognathic (flat mid-facial profile)

Question 27

Alveolar Prognathism (African)

Answer 27

Prognathic (projecting mid-facial profile)

Question 28

Transverse palatine suture shape (Asian)

Answer 28

Straight and symmetrical suture intersects middle suture perpendicularly

Question 29

Transverse palatine suture shape (African)

Answer 29

Anterior bulging

Question 30

Transverse palatine suture shape (European)

Answer 30

Anterior and posterior deviation of the suture at the midline

Posterior symmetrical deviation at midline

Question 31

Mandibular Torus (Eur/Afr)

Answer 31

Absent (no ridge on lingual surface of mandible

Question 32

Mandibular Torus (Asian)

Answer 32

Present (ridge on the midline of hard plate)

Question 33

Palatine torus (Eur/Afr)

Answer 33

Absent (no ridge on the midline of hard plate)

Question 34

Palatine torus (Asian)

Answer 34

Present (ridge on midline of hard plate)

Question 35

Postbregmatic depression (Eur/Asian)

Answer 35

Absent

Question 36

Postbregmatic depression (African)

Answer 36

Present (depression along saggittal suture posterior to bregma)