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Kines II Midterm > Anaylsis of Walking > Flashcards

Anaylsis of Walking Flashcards

1
Q

Define Stride Length

A

The time and distance between heel contact of one foot and that of the same foot

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2
Q

Define Step Length

A

The time and distance between the heel contact of one foot and that of the opposite foot

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3
Q

Define Cadence

A

Number of steps taken per minute

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4
Q

Size of the base of support can also be termed stride width or interfoot distance. Define it.

A

Distance between the middle of the right foot and the middle of the left foot in phases of double limb support

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5
Q

What is a normal value for interfoot distance/base of support?

A

3-9cm

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6
Q

Define step width

A

Bisected heel at intial contact & the bisected heel of the other foot at intial contact

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7
Q

Define foot progression angle

A

Angle between the line of progression and the alignment of the 2nd ray of the foot

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8
Q

What is the normative value for foot progression angle in:

A.) Adult

B.) Prepubesent

C.) Post pubesent

A

A.) 7 degrees of out toeing (positive foot progression)

B.) ~4 years old 2 degrees of toeing out

C.) ~16 years old 7 degrees of toeing out

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9
Q

Name the 4 large, encompasing phases of gait

A
  1. ) Weight Acceptance
  2. ) Single Limb Support
  3. ) Early Single Limb Stance
  4. ) Late Single Limb Stance
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10
Q

Define Weight Acceptance and name what 2 phases of gait it includes?

A

Body’s weight is transffered/loaded onto stance limb

  1. ) Initial Contact
  2. ) Loading Response
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11
Q

Define Single Limb Support and what 2 phases of gait are included?

A

Body Passes over the stationary stance limb, eventually moving in front of the single limb suppot

  1. ) Midstance
  2. ) Terminal Stance
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12
Q

Define Early Single Limb Advancement and which 2 phases of gait are included?

A

Reference limb generates momentum through forward propulsion. Involves A.) pushing off the surface and B.) limb clearance strategies

  1. ) Preswing
  2. ) Intial Swing
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13
Q

Define Late Swing Advancement and which 2 phases of gait does it entail?

A

Reference limb is decelerated

  1. ) Midswing
  2. ) Terminal Swing
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14
Q

How many critical events occur at the ankle?

A

6

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15
Q

How many critical events occur at the Knee?

A

4

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16
Q

How many critical events occur at the hip?

A

4

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17
Q

Name:

The phase -

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Intial Contact

Critical Events Present - Heel must contact first

Ankle Kinematics - Neutral (dorsiflexion = 0)

Ankle Muscles Activated - Tibialis Anterior

Ankle Kinetics - GRF is posterior

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18
Q

Name:

The phase -

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Initial Contact

Critcal Events Present - Heel must contact first

Knee Kinematics - Extended to 0

Knee Muscles activated - Quads to control slight flexor moment from leg

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior

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19
Q

Name:

The phase -

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Initial Contact

Critcal Events Present - Heel must contact the ground first

Hip Kinematics - Hip flexion 20

Hip Muscles activated - Gluteus Max, Hamstrings, to prepare the leg for weight acceptance

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is anterior (flexor moment) as GRF goes in front of hip

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20
Q

Name:

The phase -

Critcal Events Present -

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis Muscles activated -

A

Initial Contact

Critcal Events Present - heel must contact ground first

Pelvis Kinematics - 5 degrees forward rotation

Pelvis Muscles activated -Gluteus Medius

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21
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder of reference limb -

A

Intial Contact

Critcal Events Present - heel must contact ground first

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Trunk Extensors

Ipsilateral shoulder of reference limb - Rotated backward

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22
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Loading Response

Critcal Events Present - controlled plantarflexion, controlled knee flexion, hip stability

Ankle Kinematics - 5 plantarflexion

Ankle Muscles activated - GastrocSoleus

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior (plantarflexion moment)

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23
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Loading Response

Critcal Events Present - controlled plantarflexion, controlled knee flexion, hip stability

Knee Kinematics - knee flexion 15

Knee Muscles activated - Quads to absorb shock as weight is loaded onto limb

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior (flexor moment)

24
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Loading Response

Critcal Events Present - controlled plantarflexion, controlled knee flexion, hip stability

Hip Kinematics - Hip Flexion 20

Hip Muscles activated - Glute Max, Hamstrings

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is anterior

25
Q

Name the Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis Muscles activated -

A

Loading Response

Pelvis Kinematics - Forward rotation 5 degrees

Pelvis Muscles activated - Gluteus Medius

26
Q

Name the Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference leg movement-

A

Loading Response

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Trunk Extensors

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference leg movement - Rotated backward

27
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Midstance

Critcal Events Present - Controlled tibial advancement

Ankle Kinematics - dorsiflexion 5

Ankle Muscles activated - Gastroc Soleus to control advancement of tibia

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF through joint (joint moment = 0)

28
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Midstance

Critcal Events Present - Controlled Tibial Advancement

Knee Kinematics - Flexion 0-5

Knee Muscles activated - Passive structures behind the knee (quads turned off)

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF goes through joint (zero)

29
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Midstance

Critcal Events Present - Controlled tibial advancement

Hip Kinematics - Flexion 0

Hip Muscles activated - N/A, glutes turn off as limb is in neutral

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is zero (through the joint)

30
Q

Name the Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis Muscles activated -

A

Midstance

Pelvis Kinematics - 0 rotation

Pelvis Muscles activated - Glute Med

31
Q

Name the Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb movement-

A

Midstance

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Extensors & Abdominals

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb movement- Rotated Forward

32
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Terminal Stance

Critcal Events Present - Controlled ankle dorsiflexion, Hip extension (trailing limb)

Ankle Kinematics - dorsiflexion 10 (max ankle reaches)

Ankle Muscles activated - GastrocSoleus

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) -GRF is anterior

33
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Terminal Stance

Critcal Events Present - controlled ankle dorsiflexion, hip extension (trailing limb)

Knee Kinematics - flexion 0-5 degrees, should really be straight as body moves in front of the knee

Knee Muscles activated - Passive structures behind the knee

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is anterior

34
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Terminal Stance

Critcal Events Present - controlled ankle dorsiflexion, hip extension (trailing limb)

Hip Kinematics - Extension 20 degrees

Hip Muscles activated - Passive structures in front of hip

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior

35
Q

Name the Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis Muscles activated -

A

Terminal Stance

Pelvis Kinematics - 5 degrees backward rotation

Pelvis Muscles activated - Glute Med

36
Q

Name the Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder to the reference limb -

A

Terminal Stance

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Extensors & Abdominals

Ipsilateral shoulder to the reference limb - Rotated forward

37
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment)

A

Preswing

Critcal Events Present - Rapid plantarflexion, passive knee flexion 40 degrees

Ankle Kinematics - plantarflexion 15

Ankle Muscles activated - Gastroc Soleus

Ankle Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is anterior

38
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Preswing

Critical Events Present - Rapid Plantarflexion, passive knee flexion 40 degrees

Knee Kinematics -Flexion 40

Knee Muscles activated - N/A because passive, flexion is occuring due to the ankle pushing forward and the hip flexing

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior

39
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Preswing

Critcal Events Present - Rapid Ankle Plantarflexion, Passive knee flexion 40

Hip Kinematics - Extension 20

Hip Muscles activated - Rectus Femoris, Iliopsoas, Adductor Longus

Hip Kinetics (joint moment) - GRF is posterior

40
Q

Name the Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis Muscles activated -

A

Preswing

Pelvis Kinematics - Backward Rotation 5 degrees

Pelvis Muscles activated - N/A

41
Q

Name the Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb movement-

A

Preswing

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Extensors & Abs

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb movement- Rotated Backward Postition

42
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

A

Initial Swing

Critcal Events Present - Max Knee Flexion 60 degrees, Hip Flexion 15 degrees

Ankle Kinematics - plantarflexion 5 degrees

Ankle Muscles activated - TA

43
Q

Phase Name:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated -

Knee Kinetics (joint moment) -

A

Initial Swing

Critcal Events Present - Knee flexion (max) 60 degrees, hip flexion 15

Knee Kinematics - flexion 60

Knee Muscles activated - Quads & Hamstrings

44
Q

Phase Name:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

A

Initial Swing

Critcal Events Present - Max knee flexion 60, hip flexion 15

Hip Kinematics - Flexion 15 degrees

Hip Muscles activated - Rectus Femoris, illipsoas, adductor longus

45
Q

Name Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

A

Initial Swing

Pelvis Kinematics - 5 backward rotation

46
Q

Name Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

A

Initial Swing

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Extensors and ABs

47
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Ankle Kinematics -

Ankle Muscles activated -

A

Midswing

Critcal Events Present - Dorsiflexion to neutral, max hip flexion 25 degrees

Ankle Kinematics - neutral

Ankle Muscles activated - TA

48
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Knee Kinematics -

Knee Muscles activated

A

Midswing

Critcal Events Present - Ankle dorsiflexs to neutral, max hip flexion 25 degrees

Knee Kinematics -flexion 25

Knee Muscles activated - Quads and Hams

49
Q

Name the Phase:

Critcal Events Present -

Hip Kinematics -

Hip Muscles activated -

A

Midswing

Critcal Events Present - Ankle dorsiflexs to neutral, max hip flexion 25

Hip Kinematics -flexion 25

Hip Muscles activated -hamstrings

50
Q

Name Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

A

Midswing

Pelvis Kinemaics - 0 rotation

51
Q

Name the Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk Muscles activated -

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb -

A

Midswing

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk Muscles activated - Abs

Ipsilateral shoulder to reference limb - rotated backward

52
Q

Name Phase:

Critical Events -

Ankle Kinematics

Ankle muscle activation -

A

Terminal Swing

Critical Events - Knee extension

Ankle Kinematics- Neutral

Ankle muscle activation - TA

53
Q

Name Phase:

Critical Events -

Knee Kinematics

Knee muscle activation -

A

Terminal Swing

Critical Events - Knee extension

Knee Kinematics- flexion 0-5

Knee muscle activation - Quads & Ham

54
Q

Name Phase

Critical Events -

Hip Kinematics

Hip muscle activation -

A

Terminal Swing

Critical Events - knee extension

Hip Kinematics - Flexion 20

Hip muscle activation - glute max, hamstrings

55
Q

Name Phase:

Pelvis Kinematics -

Pelvis muscle activation -

A

Terminal Stance

Pelvis Kinematics - 5 forward rotation

Pelvis muscle activation - Glute Med

56
Q

Name Phase:

Trunk Kinematics -

Trunk muscle activation -

Ipsilateral shoulder of reference limb -

A

Terminal Swing

Trunk Kinematics - Erect

Trunk muscle activation - Trunk Extensors

Ipsilateral shoulder of reference limb -rotated backward

Kines II Midterm (5 decks)

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