Anay Flashcards
Chromophils vs chromophobes in AP
Chromophils have darker cytoplasm, about to secrete hormones or secreting
What sinus is located below pituitary fossa and its role
Sphenoid sinus, proximity of pit gland to sphenoid sinus allows for transphenoidal sirgery
What cell bodies are found in the SO and PV nuclei
Magnocellular neurons- which synthesise PP hormones
Are the hormones in Magnocellular neurones bound or unbound
Bond to glycoproteins
What are herring bodies in PP
Ends of the axons that release hormones
What are pituicytes
supporting cells in the posterior pituiraty
What artery is the superior hypophyseal artery branch of
Internal Carotid Artery
What are the superior and inferior thyroid artery branches of
External carotid and thyrocervical trunk( branch of subclavian) respectively
What do the superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins drain to
S and M to internal jugular, I to brachicephalic veins
Where do the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves come from and where do they supply
Vagus nerve, suppy thyroid
Which nerve is vulnerable to damage during throat surgery and what does it innervate and what are the risks
recurrent laryngeal nerve, innervates all but one of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, including the cricoarytenoid- hoarseness of voice and possible difficulty breathing
Where is the Parathyroid glands found and what is its function
Found on the posterior aspect of the thyroid glands, secretes PTH to regulate calcium and phosphate levels
What do chief/principle cells do
Secrete PTH
What cells secrete somatostatin
Deta cells in pancreatic islets
Is pancreas retro or extraperitoneal or intra
Extra/retro
Vertebral level of Celiac trunk, SMA, Renal arteries, gonadal arteries and IMA
T12, L1,L1, L2, L3
Which artery gives rise to splenic artery
Coeliac trunl
What artery does pancreas receive blood from
Coeliac trunk and SMA
drainage of pancreas
Splenic and smv
Where do the left and right renal veins drain into
both drain into IVC
What is the cause of nutcracker syndrome
Compression of left renal vein between SMA and aorta- presents as haematuria due to renal venous hypertension resulting in rupture of the thin walled veins in the collecting ducts
Difference between left and right adrenal veins
RIght has a single adrenal vein but left has a collection of adrenal veins, right drains into IVC or R renal vein while left drains into L renal vein
Drainage of testes
Right into IVC, left into L Renal vein
Drainage of ovariesn
Same as testes but variable
