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Anatomy > Anatomy Yoga > Flashcards

Anatomy Yoga Flashcards

1
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone forming cells

brahma

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2
Q

Osteocytes

A

Bone cells that have matured and are maintaining form

Vishnu

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3
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Bone cells that break down and dissolve bone

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4
Q

Wolff’s law

A

Piezoelectric effect

Calcium is laid down in response to stress

Physical stress increases bone density

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5
Q

Piezoelectric effect

A

Pressure placed on a tissue a slight electrical charge results blocking osteoclasts and allowing the osteoblasts to build up bone tissue

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6
Q

Bones

A

206 bones in the body

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7
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Ribcage sternim vertebral column skull mandible cervical thoracic and lumbar spine sacrum coccyx

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8
Q

Upper extremities

A

Clavicle scapula should joint humerus elbow joint ulna radius wrist carpals metacarpals phalanges of the hand

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9
Q

Lower extremities

A

Bony pelvis hip joint Femur knee joint patella fibula tibia ankle tarsals meta tarsals phalanges of the foot

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10
Q

Sthira Sukham Asanam

A

Steady, ease filled, meditation posture

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11
Q

Anatomy and kinesiology

A

Two essential characteristics of posture are stability and space

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12
Q

Isotonic

A

Concentric a muscle shortens as it contracts

Eccentric a muscular contraction that lengthens

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13
Q

Isometric

A

Muscle attempts to contract but no movement occurs

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14
Q

Stretch

A

The ability of a tissue to lengthen without damage

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15
Q

Contactility

A

The ability of a tissue to shorten unique to muscle tissue

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16
Q

Elasticity

A

The ability of a tissue to return to its former shape after it has been stretched

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17
Q

Tensegrity

A

The ability of a tissue to withstand a pulling force without damage

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18
Q

Plasticity

A

The ability of a tissue to have its shape molded and altered and will hold its shape unique to connective tissue

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19
Q

Weight bearing

A

The ability of a tissue to bear a compressive force or weight from above it without damage

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20
Q

Creep

A

The gradual shape change of a tissue from sustained and applied pressure

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21
Q

Thixotrophy

A

The ability of a tissue to change from a more rigid gel state to a softer Sol state allowing for more freedom in movement and for greater ability of circulation

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22
Q

Agonist

A

A muscle of force that can do the action in question.

A mover muscle always shortens when the movement occurs through contracentrically contracting except in the case of outside forces of gravity or assists

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23
Q

Antagonist

A

A muscle of force that can do the opposite of the action in question

Eccentrically contracting or relaxing and allowing movement in question to occur

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24
Q

Stabilizer

A

A muscle force that can stop and unwanted action at the fixed attachment of the muscle that is working

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25
Q

Neutralizer

A

A muscle force that can stop an unwanted action at the fixed attachment of the muscle that is working

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26
Q

Support muscle

A

A muscle that can hold another part of the body in a stable position while the action is occurring

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27
Q

Synergist

A

A muscle that works with the action in question

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28
Q

Static stretch

A

Held on a comfortable but challenging position for a short period of time

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29
Q

Dynamic stretch

A

A stretch performed by moving through a challenging but comfortable range of motion repeatedly

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30
Q

Passive stretching

A

Passivusing am outside assistant to help achieve a stretch

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31
Q

Active stretche

A

Contracting the muscles in opposition to the one that is being stretched

32
Q

Fibrous joints

A

Solid teeth skull no joint cavity is present immovable

33
Q

Cartilaginous

A

Bones are connected by cartilage

Synchodrosis Costo cartilage of the ribs

Symphysis pubic symphysis and invertebral discs

34
Q

Synovial

A

Connected via separation of joint cavity filled with fluid

35
Q

Ball and socket

A

Hip and shoulder

36
Q

Hinge joint

A

Knee

37
Q

Saddle joint

A

Hand and thumb

38
Q

Pivot joint

A

C1 c2. Cervical spine

39
Q

Gliding joint

A

Facet joints in the spine

40
Q

Condyloid joint

A

Articulation did the fingers at the ridge tops

41
Q

Medial longitudinal Arch

A

Instep of the foot

42
Q

Lateral longitudinal arch

A

Low on lateral side of the foot

43
Q

Transverse arch

A

Runs obliquely form one side to the other

44
Q

Fallen arches

A

Medial arch collapse.

Can be structural or functional

45
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A

Painful inflammation of the fascia on plantar side of the foot

46
Q

The ankle joint

A

Talocrural joint

Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

Talus meets the fibula and tibia

Anterior talofibular ligament prevents excessive inversion of the foot

47
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Bootstrap muscles that support the medial arch through a stronger resting muscle tone

Has to do with shin splints

Stretch by doing hero diamond or triangle mukha eka pada paschimotanasana

48
Q

Subtalar tarsal joint

A

Between talas and calcaneus

Helps with pronation and supination

49
Q

Metatarsophalangel joints MTP

A

Located at the heads of the metatarsals and bases of the proximal phalanges

synovial joints

Flexion extention

Abduction and adduction

50
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

Main contributor to extension of the toes 2-5 at the metatassophanlangel joints and the interphalangealnjoints

When hypertonic it will cause cramping or stiff ness when attempting to plantar flex the foot

51
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Extensor of the big toe

52
Q

Lateral compartment muscles

A

For plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle

Fibularis longus

Supports medial arch

Fibularis brevis
More important to strengthen than to stretch

Bootstrap muscles

53
Q

Superficial compartment muscles

A

Tendons that cross posterior to the muscles can plantar flex the foot

Gastrocnemius
Calf muscle

Soleus

Medial calf muscle

54
Q

Deep posterior compartment muscles

A

Popliteus

Unlocks the knee and is also responsible for actions of medial rotations of the leg at the knee joint

Attached to the lateral meniscus of the knee joint and moves the meniscus posteriorly during knee flexion preventing it from getting caught and impinged between the femoral and tibial condyles

55
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Bootstrap muscles that supports the medial arch

Hyper Tonicity Can cause shin splints on the back

56
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Flexes the big toe and planting the big toe

57
Q

Shin splints

A

Where there is a pull on the periosteum cause by distress to the tibialis anterior

58
Q

Knee joint complex

A

Tibiofemoral joint

Patellofemoral joint

59
Q

Patellofemoral syndrome

A

Mail tracking of the patella

Tightness in it band and vastusclateralis

Weakness in the vast is medialis

60
Q

Ligaments of knee

A

Medial collateral ligament

Lateral collateral ligament

Anterior cruciate ligament. ACL

Excessive force into hyper extreme ion can tear acl

Posterior cruciate ligament

Patellar ligament extension of the quads

61
Q

Menisci

A

Fibrin cartilaginous crescent shaped structure in knee joint

62
Q

Bursae

A

Fluid filled sacks

63
Q

Coxa vara

A

An angle significantly less than 125 degrees creating a sharper bend on the femoral neck and shaft resulting in a shorter lower extremity

64
Q

Coxa vaga

A

An angle that is significantly greater than 125 degrees creating less of a bend between the femoral neck and shaft resulting in a longer extremity

65
Q

Femoral anteversion

A

Leads to pigeon toes

66
Q

Femora retroversion

A

Excessive turn out

67
Q

genu valgum

A

Knocked knees

68
Q

Nutation

A

Anterior tilt of the si joint

69
Q

Counternutation

A

Posterior tilt of the si joint

70
Q

Cervical spine

A

Seven

Small and light

Spinous process is bifid (split)

Accommodate movements of the skull

71
Q

Thoracic spine

A

Twelve

Smaller towards the cervical and larger towards lumbar

72
Q

Lumbar

A

Five

Large and flat

Ease in flexion and extension not as much in rotation

73
Q

Sacrum

A

5 have fused to create one bone

Nerves exit out thenhplds in the side of the sacrum

74
Q

Coccyx

A

One small bone 3 fuse vertebrae

75
Q

Bony thorax

A

Bones of the chest area

Anatomy (1 decks)

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