Anatomy Week 4

Question 1

Functions of Paranasal Sinuses (3):

Answer 1

1. Lighten the Skull
2. Increase Resonance of the voice
3. Condition/moisten the air via mucous membranes

Question 2

Deglutition:

Answer 2

Swallowing

Question 3

2 Functions of Pharynx:

Answer 3

1. Move air/food from nasal cavity to larynx/esophagus

2. Sk. Musc. Contraction assists in deglutition

Question 4

The _____ houses the tonsils.

Answer 4

Pharynx

Question 5

Function of Nasal Cavity:

Answer 5

Warm/moisten air before it enters the rest of the respiratory system.

Question 6

The ______ contains the vocal chords.

Answer 6

Larynx

Question 7

The trachea divides into the ______ at the point of the ______.

Answer 7

1. Right/Left Bronchi

2. T-5 Vertebrae

Question 8

4 Layers of the Trachea:

Answer 8

• Mucosa
• Submucosa
• Hyaline Cartilage
• Adventitia

Question 9

There are approximately _______ rings of Hyaline Cartilage in the trachea.

Answer 9

16-20

Question 10

What is the Carina and what is unique about it?

Answer 10

1. Carina: The ridge of separation around T-5 vertebrae where the trachea becomes the bronchi.
2. It is the most sensitive area to triggering the cough reflex.

Question 11

Function of the pleural sac:

Answer 11

Reduce Friction (Increase surface tension)

Question 12

The Cardiac Notch is seen on the ______.

Answer 12

Left Lung

Question 13

Describe the 2 types of alveolar cells and their functions:

Answer 13

1. Type 1 Cells: (squamous) Main site of gas exchange, form continuous lining of epithelium.
2. Type 2 Cells: (cuboidal) Septal cells that contain microvilli that secrete Surfactant to reduce surface tension and lower the tendency of alveoli to collapse.